Structural–dynamical relationship in silica PEG hybrid gels

Lesot, Philippe; Chapuis, Séverin; Bayle, J. P.; Rault, J.; Lafontaine, E.; Campero, A.; Judeinstein, Patrick

doi:10.1039/a704983h

Cited by 46 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It has even been suggested that covalent bonds can be formed between the two subphases during the solgel process [30]. In any case, Class I materials are distinguished from Class II hybrids, where the covalent bond already exists in the precursor compound [22,23]. Class II materials are currently studied in our laboratory [31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

Σταθάτος

Lianos

2002

International Journal of Photoenergy

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Abstract. Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells based on TiO 2 mesoporous films, a ruthenium bipyridyl derivative as photosensitizer and a SiO 2 /poly(ethylene glycol)-200 nanocomposite thin film as electrolyte support, have been constructed. TiO 2 films have been deposited on conductive transparent IndiumTin Oxide glass slides by means of a sol-gel procedure carried out in reverse-micellar solutions. The photosensitizer has been adsorbed on titania films from ethanolic solutions while the electrolyte layer has been synthesized by a sol-gel procedure. The presence of silica in the nanocomposite electrolyte gel provides the gelifying agent, the compound that holds the cell together in a sandwich form and the sealing agent that protects the cell and secures its long-term function. PEG-200 makes the organic subphase which provides the ionic conductivity. The present work describes the construction of the cell and the study of its efficiency. A variant of the cell has also been made by incorporating Ag + and Ru 3+ ions into titania particles, but these dopants did not improve cell efficiency, either in their oxidized or in their reduced form.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SiO 2 /PEG nanocomposite materials belong to the socalled Class I organic/inorganic nanocomposites [22,23]. They form two interpenetrating subphases which are held together by weak forces ensuing from hydrogen bonds or Van der Waals forces.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

Σταθάτος

Lianos

2002

International Journal of Photoenergy

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“…govern the cohesion of the whole structure. In class II, the two phases are linked together through strong chemical bonds (7,8), and this type hybrid nanoparticle is prepared via the polymer grafting usually. Two general routes have been used to graft linear polymer chains onto the surface of the particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Polymerization Kinetics of Polystyrene Grafting using Azo-groups Bounded SiO₂as an Initiator

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2012

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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This work presents a new method for synthesis of inorganic/organic hybrid nanoparticles via the in-situ polymerization by the use of the azo-groups bounded silica nanoparticles as a radical initiator and styrene as a model vinyl-monomer. The synthesis and the structure of silica/polystyrene (SiO 2 /PS), and the polymerization kinetics of the styrene initiated by the azo-groups bounded SiO 2 nanoparticles are studied with techniques such as FTIR, XPS, DSC, GPC, and TEM. Results show that the SiO 2 -g-PS nanoparticles are synthesized successfully, and the resulting hybrid nanoparticles have a core-shell structure with SiO 2 in the core and the polystyrene on the outside layer. The percentage of the grafted PS on the SiO 2 surface increases with the progress of the polymerization before 6 h, and the largest amount of the grafted PS reaches 33% of the silica nanoparticles. Consequently, the size of the nanoparticles increases ca. 20 nm upon the polystyrene grafting. The molecular weight of the grafted PS increases with the polymerization, and it has reached a much large value in the first several polymerization hours while it keeps a constant value approximately in the following polymerization process. Meanwhile, the polydispersity index of the grafted PS gradually increases with the progress of the polymerization. These phenomena agree with the theory of the traditional free radical polymerization very well.

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“…In class II composites, the polymerinorganic phases are linked together through strong chemical bonds (covalent or ionocovalent bonds). 6,7 Chemically bound polymer-inorganic composites can be synthesized by chemical grafting techniques. Generally, chemical grafting techniques include the grafting-to and grafting-from methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntheses of an azo‐group‐bound silica initiator and silica–polystyrene composites

Liu¹,

Ye²,

Xia³

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this article, we present a facile method for the synthesis of an azo-group-bound silica (SiO 2 -azo) initiator. The azo groups were introduced onto the surface of silica (SiO 2 ) nanoparticles via facile condensation between 4,4 0 -azobis-4-cyanopentanoic acid and the alkylhydroxyl groups -immobilized on the SiO 2 nanoparticle surface under ambient conditions. The polystyrene (PS) chains were grafted onto the SiO 2 nanoparticle surface by in situ polymerization with the resulting SiO 2 -azo as an initiator, and then, the SiO 2 -PS composite was prepared. The syntheses and properties of the SiO 2 -azo initiator and the composite were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The results confirm that the SiO 2 -azo initiator and the composite were synthesized successfully. Styrene was polymerized with the initiation of SiO 2 -azo, and the resulting PS domain accounted for 48.6% of the total amount of composite.

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Structural–dynamical relationship in silica PEG hybrid gels

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

Synthesis and Polymerization Kinetics of Polystyrene Grafting using Azo-groups Bounded SiO₂as an Initiator

Syntheses of an azo‐group‐bound silica initiator and silica–polystyrene composites

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Structural–dynamical relationship in silica PEG hybrid gels

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

Organic/inorganic nanocomposite gels employed as electrolyte supports in Dye‐sensitized Photoelectrochemical cells

Synthesis and Polymerization Kinetics of Polystyrene Grafting using Azo-groups Bounded SiO2as an Initiator

Syntheses of an azo‐group‐bound silica initiator and silica–polystyrene composites

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Product

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Synthesis and Polymerization Kinetics of Polystyrene Grafting using Azo-groups Bounded SiO₂as an Initiator