2021
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202107277
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Structural Engineering in Graphite‐Based Metal‐Ion Batteries

Abstract: Graphite‐derived carbon materials have been widely used in metal‐ion batteries due to their good mechanical and electrical properties, cost effectiveness, light weight, and environmental friendliness. Though natural graphite has been commercially used in lithium‐ion batteries, the small interlayer spacing hinders its application in other metal‐ion batteries. As such, numerous works have been done to enhance the metal‐ion storage capability of graphite and its derivatives. In this review, structural engineering… Show more

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Cited by 96 publications
(42 citation statements)
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“…[9,10] For example, graphite, a commercially successful LIBs anode, has poor Na-storage performance with a reversible capacity of 35 mAh g −1 due to difficult intercalation of larger Na + between the graphite interlayer as well as the graphite intercalation compound of Na is thermodynamically more unstable than those of other alkalis. [11] In this regard, various anode materials have been explored, such as carbonaceous materials, [12][13][14][15][16] alloy, [17][18][19] metal oxide/sulfide, [20,21] phosphorus, [22,23] and MXenes. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The carbonaceous materials are relatively promising due to their low cost, abundant resource, environmental friendliness, and nontoxicity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[9,10] For example, graphite, a commercially successful LIBs anode, has poor Na-storage performance with a reversible capacity of 35 mAh g −1 due to difficult intercalation of larger Na + between the graphite interlayer as well as the graphite intercalation compound of Na is thermodynamically more unstable than those of other alkalis. [11] In this regard, various anode materials have been explored, such as carbonaceous materials, [12][13][14][15][16] alloy, [17][18][19] metal oxide/sulfide, [20,21] phosphorus, [22,23] and MXenes. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The carbonaceous materials are relatively promising due to their low cost, abundant resource, environmental friendliness, and nontoxicity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Each type of anodes has its own advantages and disadvantages. [37][38] Among them, carbon-based materials are mostly investigated thanks to the abundance and chemical stability. However, they are usually limited by the low theoretical capacities and sluggish kinetics during rapid K + insertion/extraction.…”
Section: Development Of Pib Anode Materialsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, a new type anode, organic compounds, [33–36] such as potassium naphthalene‐2,6‐dicarboxylate, were also discovered by researchers. Each type of anodes has its own advantages and disadvantages [37–38] . Among them, carbon‐based materials are mostly investigated thanks to the abundance and chemical stability.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With the development of portable electronics, increasing demands for economical and large-scale energy storage devices have led to the extensive exploration of sodium ion batteries (SIBs) owing to the abundant and low cost Na resource . However, the larger ionic radius of Na + than Li + always results in more sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics and lower Na-ion storage capacity, thereby leading to poor cycling stability and low volumetric energy density, which would severely hinder its further practical applications. , Thus, ideal electrode materials with high volumetric capacity and cyclability are urgently required for practical SIBs. , …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%