Structural Features of Vancomycin

Pfeiffer, Ralph R.

doi:10.1093/clinids/3.supplement.s205

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Vancomycin (derived from the word vanquish) is a tricyclic glycopolypeptide composed of two chlorinated beta-hydroxy-tyrosine and three substituted phenyl glycine moieties [23]. It is active against gram positive bacteria in which it inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis by interacting with the terminal D-alanyl-D-alanine present on the pentapeptide side chains of the peptidoglycan precursor [24,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus: A Case Report and Review of Literature

et al. 1993

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus: A Case Report and Review of Literature

et al. 1993

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“…The volume of distribution in humans is 0.4-1 L/kg; in dogs, 0.4-5.5 L/kg [13].The binding of vancomycin to protein has a range from 10-50%. It has shown in a number of in vitro assessments that a 1-8-fold increase in the MIC as a result of the presence of albumin, whereas the presence of serum has had a more variable effect [14,15].It's evident in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model that the time taken to kill is longer when a inoculum size is high (9.5 log10 CFU/g) compared to a moderate inoculum (5.5 log10 CFU/g): 48 versus 72 h for both the methicillin sensitive Staphylococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococci organisms isolated from human patients [16,17].…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Of Vancomycinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lysostaphin, an endopeptidase is more effective than vancomycin in treating meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal pup model [15,24].…”

Section: Alternative Therapy For Vancomycinmentioning

confidence: 99%

<strong>Review on Usage of Vancomycin in Livestock and Humans: Maintaining its Efficacy, Prevention of Resistance and Alternative Therapy</strong>

Wijesekara

Kumbukgolla

Jayaweera

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Vancomycin is one of the 'last-line' classes of antibiotics used in the treatment of life-threatening infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. Even though vancomycin was discovered in 1950s it was widely used after 1980s for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococci as prevalence of such strains were increased.However, currently it is evident that vancomycin resistant Staphylococcusaureusandvancomycin-resistant Enterococci have been developed as a result of variousreasons including use of avaparcin, which is an analog of vancomycin, as feed additive in livestock. In present day context, more attention should be paid on prevention of emergence of resistance for the antibiotics in order to keep antibiotics effective. In order to prevent emergence of resistance, proper guidance for the responsible use of antimicrobials is indispensable. Therefore, almost all stakeholders who use antibiotics should have in depth understanding on the antibiotic they use. As such, it is imperative to be aware of the important aspects of vancomycin. In the present review, efforts have been made to discussthe pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, indications, emergence of resistance, control of resistance, adverse effects and alternative therapy for vancomycin.

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“…The mechanism responsible for intrinsic methicillin resistance in staphylococci has been described in several reviews (23,68,96,165) and involves the expression of PBP 2a, which has a lowered affinity for methicillin and other beta-lactams. Due to its activity against these organisms, vancomycin has become the agent of choice for clinical indications involving methicillin-resistant isolates (124).…”

Section: Discovery Of Penicillin Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery and development of new antimicrobial agents

Gootz

1990

Clin Microbiol Rev

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The unprecedented growth in the number of new antibiotics over the past two decades has been the result of extensive research efforts that have exploited the growing body of knowledge describing the interactions of antibiotics with their targets in bacterial cells. Information gained from one class of antimicrobial agents has often been used to advance the development of other classes. In the case of beta-lactams, information on structure-activity relationships gleaned from penicillins and cephalosporins was rapidly applied to the cephamycins, monobactams, penems, and carbapenems in order to discover broad-spectrum agents with markedly improved potency. These efforts have led to the introduction of many new antibiotics that demonstrate outstanding clinical efficacy and improved pharmacokinetics in humans. The current review discusses those factors that have influenced the rapid proliferation of new antimicrobial agents, including the discovery of new lead structures from natural products and the impact of bacterial resistance development in the clinical setting. The development process for a new antibiotic is discussed in detail, from the stage of early safety testing in animals through phase I, II, and III clinical trials.

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Structural Features of Vancomycin

Cited by 33 publications

References 13 publications

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus: A Case Report and Review of Literature

<strong>Review on Usage of Vancomycin in Livestock and Humans: Maintaining its Efficacy, Prevention of Resistance and Alternative Therapy</strong>

Discovery and development of new antimicrobial agents

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