Structural Fire Protection

Abstract

This manual, Structural Fire Protection: Manual of Practice (Manual and Report# 78), is intended to provide a basis for the development of new standards for the calculation of the fire resistance of structural members. It provides information on current techniques and developments to improve fire safety in buildings. While it deals mainly with structural fire safety, related subjects are also discussed. The manual consists of two parts.The material in Part 1, which consists of three chapters, is mainly descriptive. Chapter 1 deals with various aspects related to structural fire protection, including building codes and the role of structural fire protection. Chapter 2 discusses the development of fire in enclosures and the effect of fire on the behavior of concrete, steel, and wood, including the properties of these materials at elevated temperatures. Chapter 3 describes methods for the calculation of the fire resistance of various structural members. Part 2, which consists of Chapters 4 and 5, deals with the development of fire and the calculation of fire resistance using mathematical models, respectively. It is hoped that, in addition to providing a basis for new standards, this manual will also be useful to architects, engineers, building officials and students in any branch concerned with structural fire safety.Authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use under circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of the

A distinctive approach to testing and modeling thermal creep in ultra-high strength steel

“…The characteristics of this phase transformation greatly depend on the chemical composition of the steel, and particularly the carbon content [53]. It is also clear from Figure 6 that the εth values for Grade 1200 UHSS are considerably lower than the estimations given by Eurocode 3-1-2 [29] and ASCE [27]. While this is also the case with AS 4100 [31] for up to around 500°C, εth is underestimated by the standard at higher temperatures.…”

“…The thermal expansion, elastic modulus, and yield strength of the UHSS are obtained at elevated temperatures up to 750°C and are compared with the recommendations provided by three international design standards for steel structures, including Eurocode 3-1-2 [29], ASCE manual of practice No. 78 [27], and…”

“…For the temperatures of up to 800°C, the thermal expansion of the UHSS was obtained at the heating rates of 5, 10, and 20°C/min, where no significant difference was observed between the results. Figure 6 compares the mean thermal strain-temperature curve derived from averaging the data obtained for the UHSS at all heating rates with those specified by Eurocode 3-1-2 [29], ASCE [27], and AS 4100 [31] design codes for mild steel. As seen in the figure, unlike mild steel, the material features a noticeably nonlinear thermal expansion curve.…”

“…Unlike ASCE Manual of Practice No. 78 [27], the other American steel design code, ANSI/AISC 360 [28], explicitly limits its application to steels with yield strengths not greater than 450 MPa. While Eurocode 3-1-2 [29] only covers steels up to Grade S460, Eurocode 3-1-12 [30] extends the applicability of Eurocode 3-1-2 to steels up to Grade S700, without applying further additional rules.…”

Causal discovery and inference for evaluating fire resistance of structural members through causal learning and domain knowledge

“…[11][12][13] The interaction of such factors has been heavily examined in the open literature experimentally, 14,15 numerically, 16,17 and theoretically. 18,19 Other notable studies worthy of mentioning include those that explored the influence of unsymmetric heating/ loading, [20][21][22][23] unique geometrical features, 11 design/natural fire conditions, 24 reinforcement configuration, 25,26 as well as residual response post fire. [27][28][29] Practically, the fire resistance of RC columns can be predicted and calculated via a number of approaches.…”