Structural Fire Protection of Steel Structures in Arctic Conditions

Gravit, Marina; Shabunina, Daria

doi:10.3390/buildings11110499

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Based on the analysis of scientific and technical literature [16][17][18][19], there are three ways of protecting steel structures against fire: the application of intumescent coatings, plaster compositions or the use of structural fire protection. Figure 1 shows a scheme of the means and methods of the fire protection of steel structures [20]. Structural fire protection is often used in harsh climates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [22], it is shown that intumescent coatings are one of the effective means of passive fire Structural fire protection is often used in harsh climates. For example, in [20], tests of steel structures with structural fire protection on the example of super-thin basalt fibers in the Arctic region were demonstrated; the evaluation of various means of fire protection was carried out, the results of which showed that the most effective coatings for harsh Arctic conditions are materials containing super-thin basalt fibers. In [21], studies on structural fire protection used to increase the fire resistance limit of building structures used in oil and gas facilities are presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Characteristics of Fireproof Plaster Compositions in Exposure to Various Regimes of Fire

et al. 2022

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The problems of the fire safety of oil and gas facilities are particularly relevant due to the increasing complexity of technological processes and production. Experimental studies of steel structures with three different types of plasters are presented to determine the time taken to reach the critical temperature and loss of bearing capacity (R) of the sample, as a result of reaching a rate of deformation growth of more than 10 mm/min and the appearance of the ultimate vertical deformation. The simulation of the heating of steel structures showed a good correlation with the results of the experiment. The consumption of the plaster composition for the steel column was predicted, which allowed a 38% reduction in the consumption of fireproofing. It was found that to obtain the required fire resistance limit, it is necessary to consider the fire regime and apply plaster compositions with a thickness of 30–35 mm, depending on their thermal characteristics. The dependence of thermal conductivity and temperature on density is obtained, showing that the use of plaster compositions with a density of 200 to 600 kg/m3 is optimal to ensure a higher fire resistance limit. It is shown that the values of thermal conductivity of plaster compositions at 1000 °C are higher by 8–10% if the structure is exposed to a hydrocarbon fire regime. It is shown that the values of the heat capacity of plaster compositions at 1000 °C are higher by 10–15% if the structure is exposed to a standard fire regime.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Characteristics of Fireproof Plaster Compositions in Exposure to Various Regimes of Fire

et al. 2022

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“…The strength of an unprotected steel structure decreases significantly in the 400-600 • C range, and the structure loses stability almost immediately when loaded. In this regard, oil and gas facilities should use structures capable of withstanding high-temperature effects, i.e., protected by fire protection means [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three main methods of fire protection of steel structures: intumescent coatings, plaster compositions or structural fire protection of structures [11][12][13]. Figure 1 presents a scheme of the means and methods of fire protection of steel structures [10]. Structural fire protection is often applied in harsh climatic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intumescent coating is a reactive chemical material that is used as the main fire protection material for steel Structural fire protection is often applied in harsh climatic conditions. For example, in [10], experiments concerning steel structures with structural fire protection using basalt superfine fibers as an example in the Arctic region were demonstrated; an assessment of various fire protection means was conducted, the results of which showed that the most effective coatings for severe Arctic conditions are materials containing basalt superfine fibers based on basalt superfine fibers. In [14], research on structural curved fire protection to increase the fire resistance limit of building structures used at oil and gas facilities was presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Characteristics of Epoxy Fire-Retardant Coatings under Different Fire Regimes

Gravit,

Shabunina,

Shcheglov

2023

Fire

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Different systems of fire protection coatings are used to protect the metal structures of stories and trestles at oil and gas facilities from low (when filling cryogenic liquids) and high temperatures (in case of the possible development of a hydrocarbon fire regime). This paper presents the results of experiments of fireproof coatings on an epoxy binder after the simulation of a liquefied hydrocarbons spill and subsequent development of a hydrocarbon fire regime at the object of protection and exposure of structures to a standard fire regime. According to the experimental results, the temperatures on the samples at the end of the cryogenic exposure were determined and the time from the beginning of the thermal exposure to the limit state of the samples at a hydrocarbon and standard temperature fire regime was determined. As a result, temperature–time curves in the hydrocarbon and standard fire regimes were obtained, showing good convergence with the simulation results. The solution of the inverse task of heat conduction using finite element modeling made it possible to determine the thermophysical properties of the formed foam coke at the end of the fire tests of steel structures with intumescent coatings. It was determined that an average of 12 mm of intumescent coating thickness is required to achieve a fire protection efficiency of 120 min and for the expected impact of the hydrocarbon fire regime, the coating consumption should be increased by 1.5–2 times compared to the coating consumption for the standard regime.

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Egress Safety Criteria for Nursing Hospitals

et al. 2022

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Nursing hospitals have a high probability of casualties during a fire disaster because they have many patients with impaired mobility. In this study, fire and egress simulations were conducted to evaluate the egress safety of a typical nursing hospital. The available safe egress time (ASET) of the prototype nursing hospital was calculated using Fire Dynamics Simulator, and the required safe egress time (RSET) was estimated by Pathfinder, reflecting characteristics of the occupants. The egress safety of the nursing hospital was then evaluated by comparing the ASET and RSET, considering the number of egress guides and delay time. According to the simulation results, the RSET increased as the egress delay time increased and the number of egress guides decreased. In addition, it is estimated that at least 20 workers (egress guides) should be on duty in the prototype nursing hospital, even during shiftwork and night duty. Based on the simulation results, egress safety criteria have been proposed in terms of normalized numbers of egress guides and egress delay time. The proposed criteria can be very easily applied to evaluate the egress safety of a typical nursing hospital in operation.

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Structural Fire Protection of Steel Structures in Arctic Conditions

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Thermal Characteristics of Fireproof Plaster Compositions in Exposure to Various Regimes of Fire

Thermal Characteristics of Fireproof Plaster Compositions in Exposure to Various Regimes of Fire

Thermal Characteristics of Epoxy Fire-Retardant Coatings under Different Fire Regimes

Egress Safety Criteria for Nursing Hospitals

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