Structural health monitoring: an enabler for responsive satellites

Arritt, Brandon; Robertson, Lawrence; Henderson, Benjamin K.; Ouyang, Lien; Beard, Shawn; Clayton, Erik H.; Todd, Michael D.; Doyle, Derek; Zagrai, Andrei; Buckley, Steven; Ganley, Jeffrey M.; Welsh, Jeffry S.

doi:10.1117/12.776336

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, it cannot determine condition of joints and evaluate inaccessible locations. SHM methods have shown promise in detecting loose bolts and inadequate joints [5,6] and supporting a prelaunch diagnostics process which results in "go" or "no go" launch decision. It is envisioned that structural health monitoring could provide information on structural condition during all stages of the space flight, from launch to on-orbit operation to re-entry and recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although piezoelectric sensors come in different forms, shapes, and assemblies, thin piezoelectric disks or plates, often called piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWASs), are a typical choice for embedded systems. Such systems have only recently been proposed for SHM of space vehicles [5], and investigation of sensors' performance under typical spaceflight conditions is of considerable interest. It is expected that vacuum and extreme temperatures of space, as space vehicle transits from day to night, influence piezoelectric sensor performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigating Effect of Space Radiation Environment on Piezoelectric Sensors: Cobalt-60 Irradiation Experiment

Anderson

Zagrai

Daniel³

et al. 2017

Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Piezoelectric sensors are used in many structural health monitoring (SHM) methods to interrogate the condition of the structure to which the sensors are affixed or embedded. Among SHM methods utilizing thin wafer piezoelectric sensors, embedded ultrasonics is seen as a promising approach to assess condition of space structures. If SHM is to be implemented in space vehicles, it is imperative to determine the effects of the extreme space environment on piezoelectric sensors in order to discern between actual structural damage and environmental effects. The near-Earth space environment comprises extreme temperatures, vacuum, atomic oxygen, microgravity, micrometeoroids and debris, and significant amounts of radiation. Gamma radiation can be used to emulate the space radiation environment. In this contribution, the effects of gamma radiation on piezoelectric ceramic sensors are investigated for equivalent gamma radiation exposure of more than a year on low Earth orbit (LEO). Two experiments were conducted in which cobalt-60 was utilized as the source of radiation. Freely supported piezoelectric sensors were exposed to increasing levels of gamma radiation. Impedance data were collected for the sensors after each radiation exposure. The results show that piezoelectric ceramic material is affected by gamma radiation. Over the course of increasing exposure levels to cobalt-60, the impedance frequencies of the free sensors increased with each absorbed dose. The authors propose that the mechanism causing these impedance changes is due to gamma rays affecting piezoelectric, electric, and elastic constants of the piezoelectric ceramic. A theoretical model describing observed effects is presented.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Effect of Space Radiation Environment on Piezoelectric Sensors: Cobalt-60 Irradiation Experiment

Anderson

Zagrai

Daniel³

et al. 2017

Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…So if maintenance during service life is impractical for permanently placed space assets the question becomes focused on the utility of SHM to spacecraft. Authors have already focused on this topic in previous literature [4,5] which can be effectively summarized in the lower figure. The greatest benefit of SHM is achieved during the Assembly, Integration and Test (AI&T) phase where the system can be monitored in real-time or on-demand as it assembled, stored, transported to various sites, and tested for qualification prior to being integrated with a launch vehicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spacecraft SHM Experiment, Part 1: Development for Space Flight

Doyle

Lee

Stein

2015

23rd AIAA/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technologies have been under development for decades as an enabler of condition based maintenance (CBM), with the goal of providing damage detection capabilities to facilitate remaining useful life estimates. The spacecraft industry has applied these tools to some manned systems as a way to detect potential risk factors early-on and alert personnel to repair. Satellites however, are not designed to consider maintenance, thus the motivation for SHM technologies on unmanned spacecraft are considerably different. Here, the focus is on providing greater insight into the state of the structure as it is built and flown to quickly diagnose any anomalies. This paper discusses an experiment being developed at the Air Force Research Laboratories utilizing commercially available SHM hardware. Technical challenges will be discussed along with details into the planned experimental campaign.

show abstract

“…SHM techniques have been identified as an important next step for enabling rapid satellite development and deployment. Within that scope, the use of guided waves to identify loose bolts and components has been expressed as an area of need [3]. This payload and its experiments seek to address some of these needs, but with the additional aim of understanding environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Altitude on Active Structural Health Monitoring

Cooper

Zagrai

2013

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; En

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the field of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) expands to spacecraft applications, the understanding of environmental effects on various SHM techniques becomes paramount. In January of 2013, an SHM payload produced by New Mexico Tech was sent on a high altitude balloon flight to a full altitude of 102,000 ft. The payload contained various SHM experiments including impedance measurements, passive detection (acoustic emission), active interrogation (guided waves), and wireless strain/temperature sensing. The focus of this paper is the effect of altitude on the active SHM experiments. The active experiment utilized a commercial SHM product for generation and reception of elastic waves that enabled wavespeed measurements, loose bolt detection, and crack detection through the full profile of the flight. Definite deviations were observed in the data through the stages of the flight which included a ground, ascent, float, and descent phases. Several elements of the high altitude environment can have an effect on the measurement such as temperature and pressure. The flight data was compared against a ground altitude baseline and heavy emphasis is placed on comparing changes in the data with the temperature profile of the flight. Conclusions are drawn on the effect of altitude on wavespeed of elastic waves, crack detection, and the sensing of a loose bolt.

show abstract

Structural health monitoring: an enabler for responsive satellites

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Investigating Effect of Space Radiation Environment on Piezoelectric Sensors: Cobalt-60 Irradiation Experiment

Investigating Effect of Space Radiation Environment on Piezoelectric Sensors: Cobalt-60 Irradiation Experiment

The Spacecraft SHM Experiment, Part 1: Development for Space Flight

Effects of Altitude on Active Structural Health Monitoring

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About