Structural impact of tungsten ions on ZnO–Sb2O3–As2O3 glass system

Spectroscopic studies of tungsten ions in PbO–PbF2–SiO2 glasses

“…Similarly, the factor k ⊥ that characterizes four W-O bonds located in the (x, y) plane; these bonds are normally more ionic than those in parallel direction and the degree of ionic nature appears to be more for PSW 7 glasses in this plane also. Thus the analysis of the ESR spectra indicates that the ligand environment of W 5+ ions experiences different degrees of distortion with the modifier particularly, the axial distortion stretches the WO 6 octahedron along the z-axis [30,31]. Generally FT-IR spectrum of SiO 2 is expected to exhibit four fundamental absorption bands ν 1 (755-800 cm − 1 ), ν 2 (680 cm − 1 ), ν 3 (1020-1175 cm − 1 ), and ν 4 (460 cm − 1 ) which can be attributed to symmetric stretching vibration of Si-O-Si, symmetrical bending vibration, asymmetrical stretching vibration, and asymmetrical bending vibration respectively [32][33][34].…”