This work directly compares the spectroscopic and reactivity properties of an oxoiron(IV) and an oxoiron(V) complex that are supported by the same neutral tetradentate N-based PyNMe 3 ligand. A complete spectroscopic characterization of the oxoiron(IV) species (2) reveals that this compound exists as a mixture of two isomers. The reactivity of the thermodynamically more stable oxoiron(IV) isomer (2b) is directly compared to that exhibited by the previously reported 1e − -oxidized analogue [Fe V (O)(OAc)(PyNMe 3 )] 2+ (3). Our data indicates that 2b is 4 to 5 orders of magnitude slower than 3 in hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) from C−H bonds. The origin of this huge difference lies in the strength of the O−H bond formed after HAT by the oxoiron unit, the O−H bond derived from 3 being about 20 kcal•mol −1 stronger than that from 2b. The estimated bond strength of the Fe IV O−H bond of 100 kcal•mol −1 is very close to the reported values for highly active synthetic models of compound I of cytochrome P450. In addition, this comparative study provides direct experimental evidence that the lifetime of the carbon-centered radical that forms after the initial HAT by the high valent oxoiron complex depends on the oxidation state of the nascent Fe−OH complex. Complex 2b generates long-lived carbon-centered radicals that freely diffuse in solution, while 3 generates short-lived caged radicals that rapidly form product C−OH bonds, so only 3 engages in stereoretentive hydroxylation reactions. Thus, the oxidation state of the iron center modulates not only the rate of HAT but also the rate of ligand rebound.