Structural Insights into Maize Viviparous14, a Key Enzyme in the Biosynthesis of the Phytohormone Abscisic Acid

Messing, Simon; Gabelli, Sandra B.; Echeverria, Ignacia; Vogel, Jonathan T.; Guan, Jiahn Chou; Tan, Bao Cai; Klee, Harry J.; McCarty, Donald R.; Amzel, L. Mario

doi:10.1105/tpc.110.074815

Cited by 160 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…S6). Due to the frame shift, the predicted mutant protein lacks highly conserved residues that are essential for the structure of a functional enzyme (Messing et al, 2010). Consistent with this conclusion, we note that the d10-2 mutation, a strong allele of rice D10, is due to a termination codon in the fifth exon that results in a 47-amino acid truncation from the C terminus (Arite et al, 2007).…”

Section: Conserved Function and Regulation Of Zmccd8supporting

confidence: 70%

“…S1), and the genetic map position of ZmCCD8 on the long arm of chromosome 3 (Supplemental Fig. S2) are well conserved in ZmCCD8 (Messing et al, 2010;Supplemental Fig. S3A).…”

Section: Identification Of a Single Ccd8 Gene In The Maize Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…4A, F2/R2) flanking the insertion site efficiently amplified ZmCCD8 transcripts from tissues of wild-type plants but not from the mutant (Fig. 4B), indicating that the zmccd8 mutant did not produce an intact transcript that would include coding sequence for the highly conserved, C-terminal region of the CCD8 enzyme (Messing et al, 2010). Using primers located upstream of the insertion site (Fig.…”

Section: Characterization Of a Zmccd8 Mutantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diverse Roles of Strigolactone Signaling in Maize Architecture and the Uncoupling of a Branching-Specific Subnetwork

et al. 2012

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Strigolactones (SLs) control lateral branching in diverse species by regulating transcription factors orthologous to Teosinte branched1 (Tb1). In maize (Zea mays), however, selection for a strong central stalk during domestication is attributed primarily to the Tb1 locus, leaving the architectural roles of SLs unclear. To determine how this signaling network is altered in maize, we first examined effects of a knockout mutation in an essential SL biosynthetic gene that encodes CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE8 (CCD8), then tested interactions between SL signaling and Tb1. Comparative genome analysis revealed that maize depends on a single CCD8 gene (ZmCCD8), unlike other panicoid grasses that have multiple CCD8 paralogs. Function of ZmCCD8 was confirmed by transgenic complementation of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) max4 (ccd8) and by phenotypic rescue of the maize mutant (zmccd8::Ds) using a synthetic SL (GR24). Analysis of the zmccd8 mutant revealed a modest increase in branching that contrasted with prominent pleiotropic changes that include (1) marked reduction in stem diameter, (2) reduced elongation of internodes (independent of carbon supply), and (3) a pronounced delay in development of the centrally important, nodal system of adventitious roots. Analysis of the tb1 zmccd8 double mutant revealed that Tb1 functions in an SL-independent subnetwork that is not required for the other diverse roles of SL in development. Our findings indicate that in maize, uncoupling of the Tb1 subnetwork from SL signaling has profoundly altered the balance between conserved roles of SLs in branching and diverse aspects of plant architecture.

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Section: Conserved Function and Regulation Of Zmccd8supporting

confidence: 70%

“…S1), and the genetic map position of ZmCCD8 on the long arm of chromosome 3 (Supplemental Fig. S2) are well conserved in ZmCCD8 (Messing et al, 2010;Supplemental Fig. S3A).…”

Section: Identification Of a Single Ccd8 Gene In The Maize Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterization Of a Zmccd8 Mutantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diverse Roles of Strigolactone Signaling in Maize Architecture and the Uncoupling of a Branching-Specific Subnetwork

et al. 2012

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“…] respectively, at 35°C, while seeds of the MIS2 mutant failed to germinate after 148 h of imbibition at 35°C, as did the wild-type DS seeds ( Figure 2B). Sequence alignment with VP14 from maize (Zea mays), which shares 51% amino sequence identity with NCED4 and for which a tertiary structure has been published (Messing et al, 2010), showed that both the STOP1 and MIS1 mutations occurred near a His residue (His-412) that is involved in binding an iron atom that is essential to the active site of the enzyme, while the MIS2 mutation is not near the active site (see Supplemental Figures 4A and 4B online). The ABA content of mature MIS1 mutant seeds was about half that of the wild-type DS seeds, while the ABA content of the STOP1 mutant seeds was reduced by ;20% (Table 1).…”

Section: Gain or Loss Of Function Of Nced4 Can Mediate Lettuce Seed Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of9-cis-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE4Is Essential for Thermoinhibition of Lettuce Seed Germination but Not for Seed Development or Stress Tolerance

et al. 2013

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Thermoinhibition, or failure of seeds to germinate at warm temperatures, is common in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars. Using a recombinant inbred line population developed from a lettuce cultivar (Salinas) and thermotolerant Lactuca serriola accession UC96US23 (UC), we previously mapped a quantitative trait locus associated with thermoinhibition of germination to a genomic region containing a gene encoding a key regulated enzyme in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, 9-cis-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE4 (NCED4). NCED4 from either Salinas or UC complements seeds of the Arabidopsis thaliana nced6-1 nced9-1 double mutant by restoring germination thermosensitivity, indicating that both NCED4 genes encode functional proteins. Transgenic expression of Salinas NCED4 in UC seeds resulted in thermoinhibition, whereas silencing of NCED4 in Salinas seeds led to loss of thermoinhibition. Mutations in NCED4 also alleviated thermoinhibition. NCED4 expression was elevated during late seed development but was not required for seed maturation. Heat but not water stress elevated NCED4 expression in leaves, while NCED2 and NCED3 exhibited the opposite responses. Silencing of NCED4 altered the expression of genes involved in ABA, gibberellin, and ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Together, these data demonstrate that NCED4 expression is required for thermoinhibition of lettuce seeds and that it may play additional roles in plant responses to elevated temperature.

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“…Polymorphisms identified in SxMAX4E may be responsible for the inability of this allele to show full MAX4 activity. These include changes in residues highly conserved among MAX4 orthologs, such as R217S, but no specific function has been proposed for this residue (Messing et al, 2010;Delaux et al, 2012).…”

Section: Future Prospects For Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Arabidopsis to Study Shoot Branching in Biomass Willow

et al. 2013

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The success of the short-rotation coppice system in biomass willow (Salix spp.) relies on the activity of the shoot-producing meristems found on the coppice stool. However, the regulation of the activity of these meristems is poorly understood. In contrast, our knowledge of the mechanisms behind axillary meristem regulation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) has grown rapidly in the past few years through the exploitation of integrated physiological, genetic, and molecular assays. Here, we demonstrate that these assays can be directly transferred to study the control of bud activation in biomass willow and to assess similarities with the known hormone regulatory system in Arabidopsis. Bud hormone response was found to be qualitatively remarkably similar in Salix spp. and Arabidopsis. These similarities led us to test whether Arabidopsis hormone mutants could be used to assess allelic variation in the cognate Salix spp. hormone genes. Allelic differences in Salix spp. strigolactone genes were observed using this approach. These results demonstrate that both knowledge and assays from Arabidopsis axillary meristem biology can be successfully applied to Salix spp. and can increase our understanding of a fundamental aspect of short-rotation coppice biomass production, allowing more targeted breeding.

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Structural Insights into Maize Viviparous14, a Key Enzyme in the Biosynthesis of the Phytohormone Abscisic Acid

Cited by 160 publications

References 57 publications

Diverse Roles of Strigolactone Signaling in Maize Architecture and the Uncoupling of a Branching-Specific Subnetwork

Diverse Roles of Strigolactone Signaling in Maize Architecture and the Uncoupling of a Branching-Specific Subnetwork

Expression of9-cis-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE4Is Essential for Thermoinhibition of Lettuce Seed Germination but Not for Seed Development or Stress Tolerance

Using Arabidopsis to Study Shoot Branching in Biomass Willow

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