Structural investigation of the adsorption of SnPc on Ag(111) using normal-incidence x-ray standing waves

Stadler, Christoph; Hansen, Søren; Pollinger, Florian; Kumpf, Christian; Umbach, E.; Lee, T.-L.; Zegenhagen, J.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.74.035404

Cited by 80 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Adsorption heights and vertical inner geometry (bending and distortions) of adsorbed molecules can thus be obtained. 4,5,9,11,14,[20][21][22][23][24][25] The x-ray standing-wave field is generated by the coherent superposition of an incident ( E 0 ) and Bragg-reflected ( E H ) wave when the Bragg condition for an H = (hkl) reflection is fulfilled: H = k H − k 0 . Scanning the photon energy through the Bragg condition leads to a shift of the phase ν of the relative complex field amplitude E H /E 0 = √ R e iν by π , resulting in a spatial shift of the standing wave by half of the lattice-plane spacing d hkl in the direction perpendicular to the lattice planes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the uncertainties of the fitting parameters could not be obtained from the statistics of the individual fitting results, as we have done earlier. [9][10][11]13 Therefore, the results shown here always correspond to summed yield curves, and errors were estimated based on the experience of earlier NIXSW measurements. 9,14 Note that the C1s yield curves show a weak linear slope that can originate from the shortened background subtraction in the XPS spectra.…”

Section: Nixsw Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10 Normal incidence x-ray standing waves (NIXSW) experiments revealing the adsorption heights of the molecules and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) data of the valence region clearly showed the chemisorptive character of the adsorbate-substrate interaction. 11,12 Subsequent studies of the CuPc adsorption on surfaces with higher and lower reactivity [Cu(111) and Au(111), respectively], 13,14 as well as pair-potential calculations for CuPc on the same surfaces, 15 led to a comprehensive adsorbate model and enabled a good understanding of the delicate interplay of intermolecular forces and the adsorbate-substrate interaction which are responsible for the different adsorption behaviors on different substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Submonolayer growth of H2-phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

et al. 2012

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We present a comprehensive study of structural and electronic properties of the adsorbate system H 2 -phthalocyanine (H 2 Pc) on Ag(111). A comparison with copper-phthalocyanine (CuPc) on Ag(111) allows us to elucidate the impact of the central metal atom in the molecule on the adsorbate-substrate interaction. This metal atom is one fundamental parameter which can be changed in order to modify the properties of phthalocyanine molecules, and therefore its influence on the adsorption behavior is highly relevant. From high-resolution electron diffraction, we obtained a phase diagram for submonolayer coverages which turns out to be similar to that of CuPc/Ag(111). The most striking difference is a higher stability of a commensurate phase, indicating a stronger and more adsorption site-specific bonding of the H 2 Pc molecules. Furthermore, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray standing waves prove chemisorptive interaction between molecules and substrate and a significant bending of the molecules with the nitrogen atoms approaching the surface. We conclude that the attractive interaction of metal-phthalocyanine molecules with Ag (111) is mainly mediated by the aromatic body of the molecule (the tetraazaporphyrin ring in particular) rather than by the central metallic atom which (in the case of CuPc) already shows Pauli repulsion.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nixsw Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Submonolayer growth of H2-phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

et al. 2012

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“…The most relevant is probably the NIXSW study of SnPc on Ag(111) [11] discussed in the Introduction. In addition, NIXSW has also been used to study fully fluorinated copper phthalocyanine, F 16 CuPc, on Cu (111) and Ag(111) [28].…”

Section: General Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A photoelectron diffraction investigation of vanadyl phthalocyanine on Au(111)

et al. 2010

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Scanned-energy mode photoelectron diffraction using the O 1s and V 2p emission perpendicular to the surface has been used to investigate the orientation and internal conformation of vanadyl phthalocyanine (VOPc) adsorbed on Au(111). The results confirm earlier indications from scanning tunnelling microscopy that the V=O vanadyl bond points out of, and not into, the surface. The V=O bondlength is 1.600.04 Å, not significantly different from its value in bulk crystalline VOPc. However, the V atom in the adsorbed molecule is almost coplanar with the surrounding N atoms and is thus pulled down into the approximately planar region defined by the N and C atoms by 0.52 (+0.14/-0.10) Å, relative to its location in crystalline VOPc. This change must be attributed to the bonding interaction between the molecule and the underlying metal surface.

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“…[11][12][13][14] Over the last years the adsorption geometries of a number of -conjugated, mainly planar molecules adsorbed on ͑111͒-fcc surfaces have been investigated by NIXSW. [15][16][17][18][19] For PTCDA, NIXSW measurements were, besides on Ag͑111͒, performed on Au͑111͒ ͑Ref. 20͒ and Cu͑111͒, 21 and first trends between the anticipated strength of the interfacial interaction and the bonding geometry become visible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal-incidence x-ray standing-wave determination of the adsorption geometry of PTCDA on Ag(111): Comparison of the ordered room-temperature and disordered low-temperature phases

et al. 2010

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Normal incidence x-ray standing wave ͑NIXSW͒ experiments have been performed for monolayers of 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride ͑PTCDA͒ adsorbed on the Ag͑111͒ surface. Two phases were analyzed: the low-temperature phase ͑LT phase͒, which is disordered and obtained for deposition at substrate temperatures below 150 K, and the ordered phase, which is obtained for deposition at room temperature ͑RT phase͒. From the NIXSW analysis the vertical bonding distances to the Ag surface were obtained for the averaged carbon atoms and the two types of chemically different oxygen atoms in the terminal anhydride groups. For the LT phase, we find about 2% ͑0.05 Å͒ and 8% ͑0.21 Å͒ smaller averaged bonding distances for the C and O atoms, respectively, compared to the RT phase. In both phases, the planar geometry of the free molecule is distorted; in particular, the carboxylic O atoms are closer to the surface by 0.20 Å ͑RT͒ and 0.31 Å ͑LT͒ with respect to the averaged C distance. The difference between the vertical bonding distances of the carboxylic and anhydride O atoms is found to be 0.32 ͑RT͒ and 0.33 Å ͑LT͒. These structural parameters of the two phases are compared to those of PTCDA monolayers adsorbed on Au͑111͒ and Cu͑111͒ surfaces and are discussed in the frame of current bonding models.

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Structural investigation of the adsorption of SnPc on Ag(111) using normal-incidence x-ray standing waves

Cited by 80 publications

References 26 publications

Submonolayer growth of H2-phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

Submonolayer growth of H2-phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

A photoelectron diffraction investigation of vanadyl phthalocyanine on Au(111)

Normal-incidence x-ray standing-wave determination of the adsorption geometry of PTCDA on Ag(111): Comparison of the ordered room-temperature and disordered low-temperature phases

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