Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities in Men With Severe Chronic Schizophrenia and an Early Age at Clinical Onset

Marsh, Laura; Harris, Debra; Lim, Kelvin O.; Beal, Michael; Hoff, Anne L.; Minn, Kyungtak; Csernansky, John G.; DeMent, Stacie; Faustman, William O.; Sullivan, Edith V.; Pfefferbaum, Adolf

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830240060009

Cited by 91 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…While several previous studies have reported negative correlations between the severity of hallucinations and left STG (Barta et al, 1990;Flaum et al, 1995;Levitan et al, 1999;Rajarethinam et al, 2000), as in our previous study (Shenton et al, 1992), we did not find such a correlation. Furthermore, while some studies (e.g., Shenton et al, 1992;Menon et al, 1995;Marsh et al, 1997) have found reported a negative correlation between severity of thought disorder and left posterior STG volume reduction, we observed a negative correlation with severity of thought disorder and both left STG and right posterior STG volume reduction (absolute volume only). When the two patient groups (from the current study and Shenton et al, 1992) were pooled together and split into two groups based on TDI score, those with a higher degree of thought disorder had lower volumes in left STG compared to those with lesser degrees of thought disorder.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…Recent reviews (Shenton et al, , 2001aMcCarley et al, 1999) document that all studies (listed above) evaluating STG gray matter, separate from white matter, have reported reductions in schizophrenic patients, and 10 out of 15 studies in which gray and white matter were combined have reported reductions in schizophrenic patients (positive findings: Barta et al, 1990Barta et al, , 1997Flaum et al, 1995;Tune et al, 1996;Marsh et al, 1997;Pearlson et al, 1997;Reite et al, 1997;Keshavan et al, 1998;Bryant et al, 1999;Rajarethinam et al, 2000;negative findings: Vita et al, 1995;Kulynych et al, 1996;Woodruff et al, 1997;Roy et al, 1998;Havermans et al, 1999). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An MRI study of temporal lobe abnormalities and negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia

Anderson

Wible

McCarley

et al. 2002

Schizophrenia Research

100

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Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reported various subtle brain abnormalities in schizophrenic patients, including temporal lobe abnormalities, which are of particular interest given the role of this brain region in auditory and language processing, and the characteristic deficits in these processes in schizophrenia. Subjects in this study were 16 male patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia and 15 healthy male comparison subjects. These patients were characterized by negative symptoms. High spatial resolution coronal MRI 1.5-mm-thick slices were used to measure the gray matter volume of the superior temporal gyrus, anterior and posterior amygdala/ hippocampal complex, and parahippocampal gyrus. Patients, relative to normal comparison subjects, evinced a reduction of gray matter volume in bilateral superior temporal gyri and anterior amygdala/ hippocampal complex. The reduction in gray matter of the superior temporal gyrus in patients with schizophrenia is consistent with previous findings, and is noteworthy in that it was found in this group of patients with predominantly negative symptoms. The reduction in the anterior amygdala/ hippocampal complex was an additional temporal lobe finding. These results underscore the role of temporal lobe structures in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An MRI study of temporal lobe abnormalities and negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia

Anderson

Wible

McCarley

et al. 2002

Schizophrenia Research

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The 'low' group ( n = 20) had a mean SPQ score of 10.6 ± 1.8 (7-13), a mean PAS score of 2.8 ± 2.1 (0-8) and a mean CHQ score of 3.9 ± 1.7. The 'middle' group ( n = 21) had a mean SPQ score of 32.0 ± 0.7 (31-33), a mean PAS score of 8.4 ± 6.1 (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and a mean CHQ score of 5.3 ± 1.6. The 'high' group ( n = 20) had a mean SPQ score of 54.6 ± 2.9 (51-61), a mean PAS score of 15.1 ± 7.9 (3-28) and a mean CHQ score of 7.7 ± 2.0.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have demonstrated a deficit in auditory perception [1][2][3] and in auditory attention 2,[4][5][6][7] consistent with the findings of structural pathology in the temporal association cortex in patients with schizophrenia. [8][9][10][11] It has also been shown that, compared to normal subjects, people with schizotypal traits are impaired in a variety of attention tasks [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and in auditory information processing. [20][21][22] For instance, using a Continuous Performance Test (CPT), Chen et al found that a poor CPT performance was associated with schizotypy measured by Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS) and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) in the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory discrimination in female adolescents varying in schizotypal features: Preliminary findings

Li¹,

Yang²,

Chen³

et al. 2003

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Earlier experiments have suggested impaired auditory perception in patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of the present study was to investigate auditory discrimination in young adults varying in schizotypal features. Three hundred and forty-nine female adolescent subjects were rated with the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and the Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS) and with questions from the Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ) that address non-psychotic, psychological status of the subjects. Sixty-one subjects were selected to participate in an auditory detection and discrimination task, with 20 subjects each with low and high, and 21 subjects with intermediate, SPQ scores. The sensitivity in auditory discrimination and the response bias were computed, using signal detection theory. The results show that the ratings of the subjects in the three questionnaires correlate with one another and that subjects with higher SPQ scores appear to perform worse in auditory discrimination. The impaired performance occurs for most of the signal-to-noise ratios. Taken together, these preliminary findings are consistent with earlier studies demonstrating impaired auditory processing in schizophrenia patients. In contrast, the significant correlation between both the SPQ and PAS scores and the CHQ score suggests that further studies are required to rule out the effect of non-psychotic factors such as anxiety on the current results. Second, the three groups of subjects did not differ in the response bias. This latter finding provides evidence at odds with the 'self-monitoring' model of auditory hallucination.

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“…Suddath et al, 1989Suddath et al, , 1990Barta et al, 1990;Bogerts et al, 1990;Dauphinais et al, 1990;DeLisi et al, 1991DeLisi et al, , 1994 ; Shenton et al, 1992;Andreasen et al, 1994;Marsh et al, 1994Marsh et al, , 1997Rossi et al, 1994a,b;Pearlson et al, 1997). In a recent review of the literature, the most robust MR findings in schizophrenia are: enlarged lateral ventricles (77% of studies); medial temporal lobe (amygdala-hippocampal complex and/or parahippocampal gyrus) volume reduction (77% of studies); and gray matter volume reduction of superior temporal gyrus (100% of studies) (see Shenton et al, 1997Shenton et al, , 2001McCarley et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdala–hippocampal shape differences in schizophrenia: the application of 3D shape models to volumetric MR data

Shenton

Gerig

McCarley

et al. 2002

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

125

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Evidence suggests that some structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia are neurodevelopmental in origin. There is also growing evidence to suggest that shape deformations in brain structure may reflect abnormalities in neurodevelopment. While many magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies have investigated brain area and volume measures in schizophrenia, fewer have focused on shape deformations. In this MR study we used a 3D shape representation technique, based on spherical harmonic functions, to analyze left and right amygdala-hippocampus shapes in each of 15 patients with schizophrenia and 15 healthy controls matched for age, gender, handedness and parental socioeconomic status. Left/right asymmetry was also measured for both shape and volume differences. Additionally, shape and volume measurements were combined in a composite analysis. There were no differences between groups in overall volume or shape. Left/right amygdalahippocampal asymmetry, however, was significantly larger in patients than controls for both relative volume and shape. The local brain regions responsible for the left/right asymmetry differences in patients with schizophrenia were in the tail of the hippocampus (including both the inferior aspect adjacent to parahippocampal gyrus and the superior aspect adjacent to the lateral geniculate nucleus and more anteriorly to the cerebral peduncles) and in portions of the amygdala body (including the anterior-superior aspect adjacent to the basal nucleus). Also, in patients, increased volumetric asymmetry tended to be correlated with increased left/right shape asymmetry. Furthermore, a combined analysis of volume and shape asymmetry resulted in improved differentiation between groups. Classification function analyses correctly classified 70% of cases using volume, 73.3% using shape, and 87% using combined volume and shape measures. These findings suggest that shape provides important new information toward characterizing the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and that combining volume and shape measures provides improved group discrimination in studies investigating brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. An evaluation of shape deformations also suggests local abnormalities in the amygdala-hippocampal complex in schizophrenia.

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Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities in Men With Severe Chronic Schizophrenia and an Early Age at Clinical Onset

Cited by 91 publications

References 43 publications

An MRI study of temporal lobe abnormalities and negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia

An MRI study of temporal lobe abnormalities and negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia

Auditory discrimination in female adolescents varying in schizotypal features: Preliminary findings

Amygdala–hippocampal shape differences in schizophrenia: the application of 3D shape models to volumetric MR data

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