Structural modifications of plant organs and tissues by metals and metalloids in the environment: A review

Yadav, Vaishali; Arif, Namira; Kováč, Ján; Singh, Vijay Pratap; Tripathi, Durgesh Kumar; Chauhan, Devendra Kumar; Vaculík, Marek

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.047

Cited by 68 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…The root cortex also thickened under stress. In maize treated with Cd, the same changes were shown [45]. The increase in cortical cell sizes led to the deposition of heavy-metal ions in vacuoles, limiting their entry into the stele [44,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Copper Stress Enhances the Lignification of Axial Organs in Zinnia elegans

et al. 2022

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Zinnia elegans Jacq. is an ornamental plant, widely used in landscaping. Heavy-metal pollution in urban and rural areas is still increasing, which determines the actuality of studying plants’ reactions to pollutants. Zinnia was not sufficiently studied in this regard, so the aim of our research was to identify morphophysiological changes in this species under excess copper concentration in the soil. For this, we treated a growth substrate with 200 µM CuSO4 solution for 20 days. At the end of the treatment, several morphological, biochemical, and molecular genetic traits were evaluated: the root and the shoot size; the concentration of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA), as indicators of stress; the amount of the phenolic compounds and lignin; and the level of the expression of genes, which encoded their biosynthesis. The Cu amount in the substrate and zinnia organs was quantified using atomic-absorption spectroscopy; hydrogen peroxide, MDA, and phenolic compounds were determined spectrophotometrically, while the amount of lignin was determined according to Klason. Real-time PCR was used for estimation of the gene-transcription level. Lignin in tissues was visualized by fluorescent microscopy. In experimental plants, Cu accumulation was higher in the root than in the stem. This caused an increase in stress markers and a decrease in the root and stem lengths. For the first time for zinnia, it was shown that for several genes—4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), cinnamoyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), and class III peroxidase (PRX)—the level of expression increased under copper treatment. The rise of the transcripts’ amount of these genes was accompanied by a thickening and lignification of the cell walls in the metaxylem vessels. Thus, the adaptation of zinnia to the excess Cu in the growth medium was associated with the metabolic changes in the phenylpropanoid pathway. As a result, the lignification increased in the root, which led to the accumulation of Cu in this organ and limited its translocation through the xylem to the stem, which provided plant growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Copper Stress Enhances the Lignification of Axial Organs in Zinnia elegans

et al. 2022

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“…Heavy metals can be absorbed easily by plant roots, transported into shoots, and cause various visible toxic symptoms, such as growth retardation, leaf chlorosis, wilting, and cell death. The beneficial role of SA in defence against metal toxicity has been reported in a wide range of plant species [ 96 , 97 ]. For instance, application of SA improved the growth and photosynthetic abilities in Pb-stressed rice [ 98 ], Cu-stressed Phaseolus vulgaris [ 99 ], and Ni-stressed mustard [ 100 ].…”

Section: Functions Of Sa In Mitigating Abiotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylic Acid, a Multifaceted Hormone, Combats Abiotic Stresses in Plants

Liu

Qiu

Liu

et al. 2022

Life

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In recent decades, many new and exciting findings have paved the way to the better understanding of plant responses in various environmental changes. Some major areas are focused on role of phytohormone during abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid (SA) is one such plant hormone that has been implicated in processes not limited to plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. This review summarizes the various roles and functions of SA in mitigating abiotic stresses to plants, including heating, chilling, salinity, metal toxicity, drought, ultraviolet radiation, etc. Consistent with its critical roles in plant abiotic tolerance, this review identifies the gaps in the literature with regard to the complex signalling network between SA and reactive oxygen species, ABA, Ca2+, and nitric oxide. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying signalling networks that control development and stress responses in plants and underscore prospects for future research on SA concerning abiotic-stressed plants are also discussed.

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“…Keberadaan polutan seperti logam rupanya berdampak pada struktur anatomi akar. Alumunium dan Pb menghambat pembelahan dan pemajangan sel akar dengan merusak organisasi mikrotubul juga perkembangan akar dan menurunnya jumlah akar lateral pada Zea mays (Yadav et al, 2021) dan pada struktur akar kecambah Achnaterum splendens (Zhou et al, 2014). Polutan Cu pada Hordeum sativum (Minkina et al, 2020) juga merusak epidermis, sel-sel endodermal akar, serta menurunkan diameter stele akar sedangkan pada Sorghun bicolor (Lamalakshmi Devi et al, 2017) akan menurunkan diameter akar dan trakea xylem juga menurunkan jumlah lengan xylem.…”

Section: Akarunclassified

Adaptasi Anatomis Tumbuhan Terhadap Perbedaan Stress Lingkungan

Akmalia¹

2021

STIGMA

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Adaptasi dilakukan oleh tumbuhan demi kelangsungan hidupnya di lingkungan yang sangat dinamis. Salah satu jenis adaptasi yang dikembangkan adalah adaptasi anatomis pada akar, batang, maupun daun. Tujuan review artikel ini yakni memberikan langkah yang dapat dilakukan manusia dalam membantu tumbuhan untuk menjaga adaptasi anatomisnya sehingga dapat mendorong pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan di bawah stress lingkungan. Review ini didasarkan pada telaah pustaka pada artikel-artikel ilmiah yang membahas tentang adaptasi anatomis tumbuhan terhadap perbedaan stress lingkungan. Berdasarkan kajian yang dilakukan, perlu adanya upaya penelitian lebih lanjut guna menjaga tumbuhan tetap lestari di bawah stress lingkungan yang semakin menantang. Kata kunci: adaptasi; anatomi; stress lingkungan

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Structural modifications of plant organs and tissues by metals and metalloids in the environment: A review

Cited by 68 publications

References 121 publications

Copper Stress Enhances the Lignification of Axial Organs in Zinnia elegans

Copper Stress Enhances the Lignification of Axial Organs in Zinnia elegans

Salicylic Acid, a Multifaceted Hormone, Combats Abiotic Stresses in Plants

Adaptasi Anatomis Tumbuhan Terhadap Perbedaan Stress Lingkungan

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