A facile, one-pot oxidative polymerization approach was used to synthesize polydiphenylamine (PDPA) and polydiphenylamine/vanadium pentoxide (PDPA/V 2 O 5 ) composite using APS as an oxidizing agent. The reactions were carried out in two different reaction media (i.e. aqueous and acidic). The influence of these two mediums on molecular structure, morphology and thermal stability was investigated using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, SEM-EDS and thermogravimetric analysis. The temperature dependent electrical conductivity and dielectric properties (dielectric loss and dielectric constant) of these materials were also conducted. These studies revealed that in aqueous medium PDPA/V 2 O 5 composite has formed however, in acidic medium only the PDPA polymer formed, suggesting different nature of V 2 O 5 in these two medium. The results also showed that the PDPA/V 2 O 5 composite has higher yield, good electrical conductivity, charge transport, dielectric losses and thermal properties as compared to that of PDPA. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and found that PDPA/ V 2 O 5 composite shows good electrochemical properties.