Structural, morphological and magnetic investigations on cobalt ferrite nanoparticles obtained through green synthesis routes

Abstract

This paper describes for the first time two processing routes-the precursor method and the two-step wet chemical process-for the synthesis of magnetic cobalt ferrite using the Tamarindus indica fruit extract. These green approaches are eco-friendly, safe and efficient alternatives to classical chemical methods. The aqueous extract from tamarind fruit contains numerous metabolites (organic acids, aminoacids). All these bioactive components are able to chelate metal ions leading to the formation of the multimetallic complex (precursor of cobalt ferrite). The obtained precursor was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and magnetic measurements. The structure, morphology and magnetic behavior of the cobalt ferrite samples prepared through both synthesis routes were investigated by various characterization techniques: FTIR, XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetic measurements. XRD data confirmed that a cubic spinel structure was obtained for both ferrite powders with average crystallite size of 13 and 5 nm, respectively. The microstructure study by SEM revealed the formation of nanocrystallites assemblies using the precursor method and carbon-rich particles forming granulated micron-sized agglomerates, embedding ferrite nanocrystallites obtained through the two-step wet chemical process. Mössbauer spectroscopy results evidenced relaxation processes in the CoFe 2 O 4 samples at room temperature, and the main characteristics of the involved sublattices were derived. The magnetic investigation revealed a typical magnetic behavior for a spinel, with CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles ferrimagnetic at low temperature and superparamagnetic at room temperature.

Photocatalytic Dye Degradation and Bio-Insights of Honey-Produced α-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles

“…The iron oxide absorbance regions reside at around 600 nm in the visible region. The visible region absorption enhanced the photo charge carrier generation, and visible light absorption was adequate to degrade the bacterial and toxic wastages [22][23][24][25][26]. where A is a constant that is determined by the valence and conduction bands of particular materials; hν is the photon energy; α is the absorption coefficient; and n is 2 for an indirect transition.…”

“…Chromium oxide nanoparticles can be rapidly synthesized by the reduction of potassium dichromate solution using natural honey [23]. Similarly, CoFe 2 O 4 , ZnFe 2 O 4 , NiFe 2 O 4 and Ag/CoFe 2 O 4 have been synthesized using natural honey as an oxidizing precursor [23][24][25][26]. To the best of our understanding, this is the first work regarding the effects of different precursors on the synthesis of hematite α-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles using honey as a reducing agent with the analysis of structural and magnetic properties.…”

Green Synthesis of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles: An Emerging Material for Environmental and Biomedical Applications

“…MTT cytotoxicity assay was performed on the U87 cell lines (in a human primary glioblastoma cell line with epithelial morphology) and no cytotoxicity effect was observed [60]. Additionally, Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) roots [61], C. microphylla fruit extract [37], tamarind extract [62,63], agar-agar from red seaweed (Rhodophyta) [64], Azadirachta indica leaves extract [65], Chenopodium album leaf extract [66], Coriandrum sativum extracts [67], verjuice extract [68], Moringa oleifera leaf extract [69], ginger root extract/Elettaria cardamomum seed extract [70], and baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) [71] were successfully used for green synthesis of cobalt ferrite and related compositions.…”

Enhancing the Cytocompatibility of Cobalt‐Iron Ferrite Nanoparticles Through Chemical Substitution and Surface Modification

“…These modifications have shown promising results in terms of increased stability, biocompatibility, and reduced toxicity of the nanoparticles. In addition, the current literature on the subject has primarily focused on the synthesis routes and the characterization of magnetic nanoparticles [34][35][36][37] However, to the best of our knowledge, the synthesis and characterization of cobalt-iron ferrite nanoparticles with varying concentrations of iron and cobalt ions and coated with 3-(2-aminoethyl amino) propyltrimethoxysilane (AEPTMS) have not been extensively studied in the literature. Our work fills this gap by presenting a systematic study of the synthesis and characterization of these nanoparticles and their cytotoxicity in vitro.…”