Structural Pathways between Child Abuse, Poor Mental Health Outcomes and Male-Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)

Machisa, Mercilene; Christofides, Nicola; Jewkes, Rachel

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150986

Cited by 71 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Consistent with other research showing PTSD as a risk factor for IPV perpetration, [9, 18, 41] we found an association between PTSD and recent IPV perpetration. There was also relatively high prevalence of depression among men in this study that was associated with lifetime perpetration of IPV but not recent IPV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Factors associated with violence perpetration differ across settings but include socio-economic status, alcohol abuse, and history of child abuse, risky sexual behaviours, educational status, and conservative attitudes condoning violence, relationship conflict and mental ill health. [7–9]. Sociodemographic characteristics associated with IPV in Sub-Saharan Africa are poverty-related and include low education, low income and unemployment [1, 8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More studies investigating the role of mental ill health in intimate partner violence perpetration have been conducted in developed countries and fewer studies have been conducted in the global south. Data with general population samples and developing countries is emerging [9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental ill health and factors associated with men’s use of intimate partner violence in Zimbabwe

Machisa

Shamu

2018

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundOver the years, researchers have relied on data from women victims to understand the profile on male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV). IPV studies with male participants in the general population are still emerging in Africa. The contribution of mental ill health to IPV perpetration in the general population that has been documented elsewhere is emergent. Notwithstanding, research with male perpetrators is essential to informing effective prevention programmes and interventions. To contribute to the emerging literature on male perpetrators, we conducted a study to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with IPV perpetration by men in heterosexual relationships. We also modelled pathways to IPV perpetration using data from Zimbabwe.MethodsData were collected through a nationwide survey employing a random and multi-staged sampling method. We recruited and administered a structured questionnaire to 2838 men aged 18 years and above. IPV was measured using an adapted WHO Domestic Violence Questionnaire. Determinants of IPV measured included child abuse, alcohol abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive symptoms, personal gender attitudes and risky sexual behaviours. Multivariate regression modelling was used to assess factors associated with IPV perpetration. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the underlying pathways to recent IPV perpetration.ResultsForty one percent of men had perpetrated IPV in their lifetime and 8.8% percent of men perpetrated IPV in the 12 months before the survey. Older, more educated men, men who binge drank, men who were abused as children or experienced other life traumatic experiences were more likely to perpetrate IPV in lifetime. Depressive symptoms and sexual relationship power (were also associated with lifetime IPV perpetration. IPV perpetration in the last 12 months was associated with binge drinking, PTSD and sexual relationship power. The pathways to IPV perpetration in the last 12 months from child abuse to recent IPV were mediated by comorbid PTSD symptoms, depression binge drinking and sexual relationship power.ConclusionsIPV perpetration was associated with child abuse history, mental ill health, sexual relationship power and personal gender attitudes. Interventions to reduce IPV need to engage men to address gender inequality, mental ill health and reduce alcohol consumption.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental ill health and factors associated with men’s use of intimate partner violence in Zimbabwe

Machisa

Shamu

2018

BMC Public Health

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“…Another study with men from the same population showed that experiencing of other life traumatic events exacerbated their perpetration of IPV and the relationship was also mediated by PTSD [91]. These findings reflect on South Africa’s societal context of high rates of interpersonal violence and crime impacting on violence in the home including child abuse and violence against women [92].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mental ill health in structural pathways to women’s experiences of intimate partner violence

2017

Self Cite

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BackgroundDepression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and binge drinking are among mental health effects of child abuse and intimate partner violence (IPV) experiences among women. Emerging data show the potential mediating role of mental ill health in the relationship of child abuse and IPV. There is evidence that PTSD, depression and alcohol abuse are comorbid common mental disorders and that a bidirectional relationship exists between depression and IPV in some settings. Furthermore, the temporal direction in the relationship of alcohol abuse and women’s IPV experiences from different studies is unclear. We undertook a study with women from the general population to investigate the associations of child abuse, mental ill health and IPV; and describe the underlying pathways between them.MethodsData is from a household survey employing a multi-stage random sampling approach with 511 women from Gauteng, South Africa. IPV was measured using the WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence Questionnaire. Child abuse was measured using a short form of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Depression was measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD). PTSD symptoms were measured using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Binge drinking was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scale. All data analyses were conducted in Stata 13. Regression modelling was used to test the association between variables. Structural equation modelling with full information maximum likelihood estimation accounting for missing data was done to analyse the underlying pathways between variables.ResultsFifty percent of women experienced IPV in their lifetime and 18% experienced IPV in the 12 months before the survey. Twenty three percent of women were depressed, 14% binge drank and 11.6% had PTSD symptoms. Eighty six percent of women had experienced some form of child abuse. Sociodemographic factors associated with recent IPV in multivariate models were younger age and foreign nationality. Depression, PTSD and binge drinking mediated the relationship of child abuse and recent IPV. Depression, PTSD and binge drinking were also effects of recent IPV. Other factors associated with recent IPV experience included relationship control, having a partner who regularly consumed alcohol and experiencing other life traumatic experiencesConclusionMental ill health plays a mediating role in the relationship of child abuse and recent IPV experiences among women. Conversely, IPV also negatively affects women’s mental health. Interventions to reducing the incidence of IPV could help alleviate the burden of mental ill health among women and vice versa. Effective integration of mental health services in primary health care, detection of symptoms, brief interventions and strengthened referral mechanisms for sustained community-based care are necessary in responding to victims of intimate partner violence. Response for abused children needs to take similar approaches and reduce the l...

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“…Male perpetrators of IPV have a high prevalence of HIV and mental disorders, particularly alcohol use disorders, depression and PTSD. [23] While the search for effective mental healthcare strategies to reduce recidivism among perpetrators is ongoing, treatment of alcohol use disorders is emerging as a method of reducing male perpetration. [15] Non-clinical interventions for IPV At a population level, interventions that address the underpinning societal gender norms that perpetuate IPV against women and girls are essential.…”

Section: Clinical Interventions For Ipvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health, intimate partner violence and HIV

Woollett

Hatcher

2016

S Afr Med J

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Structural Pathways between Child Abuse, Poor Mental Health Outcomes and Male-Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)

Cited by 71 publications

References 53 publications

Mental ill health and factors associated with men’s use of intimate partner violence in Zimbabwe

Mental ill health and factors associated with men’s use of intimate partner violence in Zimbabwe

Mental ill health in structural pathways to women’s experiences of intimate partner violence

Mental health, intimate partner violence and HIV

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