Structural Racism as a Proximal Cause for Race-Related Differences in Psychiatric Disorders

Harnett, Nathaniel G.; Ressler, Kerry J.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.21050486

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Interestingly, despite previous research showing that ethnic minority individuals are at a greater risk of experiencing mental health problems ( Harnett & Ressler, 2021 ), the current findings revealed that both Black and Asian individuals were less likely to declare a mental illness than White individuals, regardless of whether they had attended university. However, African-Caribbean groups in the UK have been found to experience stigma and negative pathways to accessing mental health services (e.g., police-enforced mandatory attendance at psychiatric services), which can delay their help-seeking compared to White individuals ( Mantovani et al, 2017 ; Morgan et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…From a population health perspective, incidence of disease and poor health is influenced by social inequity or social policies ( McAllister et al, 2018 ) and structural discrimination ( Krieger, 2014 ) that advantage or disadvantage particular groups ( Bauer, 2014 ; Rose, 1985 ). For example, trauma exposure and victimisation of Black individuals increases their risk of psychosis ( Harnett & Ressler, 2021 ). Thus, social identities and positions might in fact be seen as proxies for systemic marginalisation, such as sexism, racism, homophobia, and classism ( Dhamoon & Hankivsky, 2011 ; Evans, 2019a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differences in mental health inequalities based on university attendance: Intersectional multilevel analyses of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy

Balloo

Hosein

Byrom

et al. 2022

SSM - Population Health

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in mental health inequalities based on university attendance: Intersectional multilevel analyses of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy

Balloo

Hosein

Byrom

et al. 2022

SSM - Population Health

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“…There are several social mechanisms through which systemic racism produces disproportionately high rates of schizophrenia diagnoses among Black and other minority populations (Harnett & Ressler, 2021). One such mechanism is the bias for diagnosing racial minorities on the basis of psycho-cultural differences that are misinterpreted as psychoses (Schwartz et al, 2019).…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

An integral analysis of the etiology and treatment of schizophrenia: Integrated pluralism in research and clinical practice.

Boxell¹,

Marquis²

2022

Journal of Psychotherapy Integration

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A major difficulty in integrating approaches to psychotherapy concerns the disparate epistemologies and methodologies of the research programs from which they originate. Moreover, integrated treatment of psychopathology presupposes an integrated formulation of many diverse etiological factors and the interactions between them. The present article uses a metatheoretical framework called Integral Theory to organize varied research on the origins of schizophrenia, demonstrating how the well-known neurobiological features of the disorder relate to lesser-known biological, psychological, social, and phenomenological paradigms, among others. The article then proceeds to demonstrate how an Integral analysis of the etiology of schizophrenia directly results in an integration of its treatment options. A practical implementation of this approach is illustrated in the form of a case conceptualization and treatment plan for a client with schizophrenia. In addition to the interdisciplinary synthesis itself, this article provides a conceptual basis from which to motivate future integrative research, especially with respect to interactions between etiological factors as studied by different disciplines and the implications of such interactions for treatment.

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“…Racial discrimination and stigmatization have been associated with a host of adverse mental health outcomes, including anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress [ 9 , 10 ]. Race-based traumatic stress reactions and other psychological consequences of racism are known to result in significant mental and functional impairment [ 11 , 12 ]. In addition, the vicarious exposure to traumatic events fueled by anti-Asian attitudes (e.g., through news and social media), such as the shooting of six Asian American women in Atlanta, GA in March of 2021, is a form of collective trauma burdening AAPI communities regardless of personal experiences of racism [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Asian Attitudes in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: an Exploratory Study

Pahl

Wang

Sanichar

et al. 2022

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Objective The purpose of this paper was to measure if people with greater “structural literacy,” as indicated by greater awareness of racial and socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19 impact, would hold fewer negative attitudes against those perceived to be Asian in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A survey was administered between April and August 2020 to participants from two longitudinal cohorts in New York State. The survey assessed anti-Asian attitudes relating to COVID-19, awareness of racial and socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19, residential location, socioeconomic status, and other demographic information. The sample included 233 Black, Latinx, and White midlife adults from urban, suburban, and rural New York neighborhoods. Multivariable regression modeling was used to assess associations between COVID-19 disparities awareness, an indicator of structural literacy, and anti-Asian attitudes, adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, residential location, and socioeconomic disadvantage. Results Greater awareness of disparities in COVID-19 was associated with lower levels of anti-Asian attitudes after adjustment (adj-slope = − 0.358, p < 0.001). Conclusion Greater structural literacy, as measured by awareness of socioeconomic and racial disparities in COVID-19 impact, was associated with fewer anti-Asian attitudes among Black, Latinx, and White adults. Implications Increasing structural literacy may reduce anti-Asian attitudes that motivate harmful acts against oppressed groups.

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Structural Racism as a Proximal Cause for Race-Related Differences in Psychiatric Disorders

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Differences in mental health inequalities based on university attendance: Intersectional multilevel analyses of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy

Differences in mental health inequalities based on university attendance: Intersectional multilevel analyses of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy

An integral analysis of the etiology and treatment of schizophrenia: Integrated pluralism in research and clinical practice.

Anti-Asian Attitudes in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: an Exploratory Study

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