Structural specificities of cell surface β-glucan polysaccharides determine commensal yeast mediated immuno-modulatory activities

Lee, Changhon; Verma, Ravi; Byun, Seohyun; Jeun, Eun-Ji; Kim, Gi-Cheon; Lee, Suyong; Kang, Hye-Ji; Kim, Chan Johng; Sharma, Garima; Lahiri, Abhishake; Paul, Sandip; Kim, Kwang Soon; Hwang, Dong Soo; Iwakura, Yoichiro; Speciale, Immacolata; Molinaro, Antonio; Castro, Cristina De; Rudra, Dipayan; Im, Sungbin

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23929-9

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The importance of TLR2 and TLR4 in the recognition of micro-organism antigens has been widely reported [4,[20][21][22]. Although TLR2 rather than TLR4 is necessary for immune activation in the present MLN models, the interaction between TLR2 and bacterial antigens may not have induced the production of IL-10.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Characteristics of an In Vitro Mesenteric Lymph Node Cell Suspension Model and Its Possible Association with In Vivo Functional Evaluation

Feng

et al. 2022

IJMS

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In a previous study, we uncovered three immune-responsive patterns of gut microbes using an in vitro mesenteric lymph node cell suspension model, abbreviated as the MLN model hereafter. We used Akkermansia muciniphila and Clostridium butyricum as the first group directly inducing an immune response, Bifidobacterium sp. and Bacteroides sp. as the second group evoking an immune response with the help of stimuli (anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies), and Lactobacillus sp. as the third group blunting the immune response with or without stimuli. Our group previously clarified the immune-activation characteristics of A. muciniphila and linked its in vivo immune induction effect in GF and SPF mice under homeostasis. In the present study, we supplemented the characteristics of C. butyricum and B. bifidum in the in vitro MLN model and addressed the specific elements of the model. Finally, we used an in vivo TNBS-challenge model to show the functional differences between these species with different response patterns in vitro. The results showed that C. butyricum and B. bifidum evoked an immune response in vitro in a dose-dependent and strain-unique manner. Although TLR2, rather than TLR4, is indispensable for immune activation in the present in vitro model, it may not involve interaction between TLR2 and bacterial ligands. Like the PBMC model, the present in vitro MLN model is highly dependent on cell resources and should be given more attention when used to conduct a quantitative comparison. Finally, a mixture of two strong immunogenic strains, A. muciniphila and C. butyricum, significantly increased the mortality of TNBS-challenged (2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, TNBS) mice, indicating a possible link between the in vitro MLN model and in vivo functional evaluation. However, more evidence is needed to clarify the associations and underlying mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Characteristics of an In Vitro Mesenteric Lymph Node Cell Suspension Model and Its Possible Association with In Vivo Functional Evaluation

Feng

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…MGCP facilitates Treg induction from naive T cells through a unique Dectin1–Cox2 signaling axis in DCs. Furthermore, through a TLR2-dependent mechanism, it restrains Th1 differentiation of effector T cells by suppressing IFN-γ expression [ 79 ].…”

Section: Immunoregulation Gut Microbiota and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoregulatory Intestinal Microbiota and COVID-19 in Patients with Type Two Diabetes: A Double-Edged Sword

Petakh

Kamyshna

Nykyforuk

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, is a major challenge facing scientists worldwide. Alongside the lungs, the system of organs comprising the GI tract is commonly targeted by COVID-19. The dysbiotic modulations in the intestine influence the disease severity, potentially due to the ability of the intestinal microbiota to modulate T lymphocyte functions, i.e., to suppress or activate T cell subpopulations. The interplay between the lungs and intestinal microbiota is named the gut–lung axis. One of the most usual comorbidities in COVID-19 patients is type 2 diabetes, which induces changes in intestinal microbiota, resulting in a pro-inflammatory immune response, and consequently, a more severe course of COVID-19. However, changes in the microbiota in this comorbid pathology remain unclear. Metformin is used as a medication to treat type 2 diabetes. The use of the type 2 diabetes drug metformin is a promising treatment for this comorbidity because, in addition to its hypoglycemic action, it can increase amount of intestinal bacteria that induce regulatory T cell response. This dual activity of metformin can reduce lung damage and improve the course of the COVID-19 disease.

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“…The exact approach by which ETY increased intestinal GC count and density in broiler chickens is unclear. However, this increase may be related to the immunemodulatory actions of the mannan component of ETY [54,55]. Mucins prevent the entry of antigens into the blood, and they contain active IgA, which initiates pathogen binding [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary enzymatically treated yeast and coccidia challenge effects on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health of broiler chickens

Alagbe

Schulze

Adeola

2022

Preprint

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Background: There is a growing search for natural feed additives to alleviate the deleterious effects of coccidia infection in poultry production. This study aimed to investigate the effect of enzymatically treated yeast (ETY) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health of coccidia-challenged broiler chickens. Methods: From d 1 to 14 post hatching, 480 broiler chickens were allocated to 3 corn-soybean meal-based experimental diets with increasing concentrations of ETY (0, 1, or 2 g/kg). The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with body weight (BW) used as a blocking factor. On d 14 post hatching, the birds were re-randomized within each of the 3 experimental diets. Each of the 3 diet groups was split into a challenge or no-challenge group. This resulted in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The coccidia challenge was administered on d 15 by an oral gavage. Results: Dietary ETY improved (P < 0.05) the G:F of birds on d 21 regardless of the challenge state and linearly increased (P < 0.01) the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter (DM), nitrogen, and gross energy (GE). The coccidia challenge decreased (P < 0.01) BW gain, feed intake, and G:F of broiler chickens, and reduced (P < 0.01) the apparent total tract digestibility of DM, GE, and nitrogen. The coccidia challenge increased (P< 0.01) the mRNA gene expression of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-6 in the cecal mucosa. There was a tendency (P = 0.08) for ETY to linearly reduce IL-1β expression. Additionally, ETY supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the gene expression of OCLN. Serum catalase increased (P < 0.05) with dietary ETY in broiler chickens on d 21. Dietary ETY linearly increased (P < 0.05) the ileal villus height to crypt depth ratio, and ileal goblet cell density in broiler chickens. The ileal and excreta oocyst counts decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing supplementation of dietary ETY in coccidia-challenged broiler chickens on d 21. Conclusions: Dietary ETY enhanced nutrient utilization and augmented intestinal development in broiler chickens. However, dietary ETY did not completely attenuate the adverse effects of a coccidia challenge in broiler chickens.

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Structural specificities of cell surface β-glucan polysaccharides determine commensal yeast mediated immuno-modulatory activities

Cited by 46 publications

References 50 publications

Characteristics of an In Vitro Mesenteric Lymph Node Cell Suspension Model and Its Possible Association with In Vivo Functional Evaluation

Characteristics of an In Vitro Mesenteric Lymph Node Cell Suspension Model and Its Possible Association with In Vivo Functional Evaluation

Immunoregulatory Intestinal Microbiota and COVID-19 in Patients with Type Two Diabetes: A Double-Edged Sword

Dietary enzymatically treated yeast and coccidia challenge effects on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health of broiler chickens

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