Structural studies of the brass ingots from the Shcherbet historical complex of the Lower Kama region: neutron diffraction and tomography studies

Zhomartova, A. Zh.; Shaykhutdinova, Eugenia; Bakirov, B. A.; Кичанов, С. Е.; Козленко, Д. П.; Sitdikov, Ayrat

doi:10.32523/ejpfm.2022060303

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It may have a similar source, which could indicate an eastern trade network to Helgö. In addition, brass and copper ingots of very similar form and elemental composition to those from Helgö, but without lead isotope data, have been recorded in the Volga/Kama region of Russia (Vyazov et al 2019;Zhomartova et al 2022). These bar ingots date from AD c. 450 to 700 (Vyazov pers.…”

Section: Brass and Coppermentioning

confidence: 96%

Local supply and long-distance imports: New evidence for the origin of brass, copper and lead at Helgö

Kershaw,

Merkel

2024

Fornvännen

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Long-running excavations at the ‘central place’ of Helgö in Lake Mälaren uncovered an unprecedented range of primary metal alloys, mainly in association with a Migration-period workshop. Since primary metals are extremely rare in Migration-period contexts, the source(s) of these metals is a central question with the potential to yield new insights into resource acquisition, international contacts and supply and exchange networks in fifth- to early sixth-century Sweden. Using a combination of lead isotope and trace element analyses, we assess the provenance of 19 artefacts of lead, copper and brass, including ingots, rods and casting waste. While the origin of the copper could not be determined with certainty, the results of the brass and lead were intriguing. Three lead melts stem from Swedish lead ore, and represent the earliest direct archaeological evidence for lead extraction in Sweden. By contrast, the brass was imported over long distances. We propose that it reached Helgö as part of a routinized trade with the Byzantine Empire, potentially the eastern Mediterranean region, with one ingot having probable origins in Asia. The results thus indicate both the local exploitation of available ores and far-reaching contacts, which may have extended as far as the Silk Road.

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Section: Brass and Coppermentioning

confidence: 96%

Local supply and long-distance imports: New evidence for the origin of brass, copper and lead at Helgö

Kershaw,

Merkel

2024

Fornvännen

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metal casting fragments are excellent markers for reconstructing the features of technological levels of medieval settlements [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Now, there has been a growing interest in the research of archaeological and cultural materials using natural scientific methods [1,[6][7][8][9]. Among them, the methods for non-destructive structural diagnostics should be noted, which are very careful with valuable objects of cultural heritage [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Features of the Fragments from Cast Iron Cauldrons of the Medieval Golden Horde: Neutron Tomography Data

et al. 2023

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The spatial arrangement of the internal pores inside several fragments of ancient cast iron cauldrons related to the medieval Golden Horde period was studied using the neutron tomography method. The high neutron penetration into a cast iron material provides sufficient data for detailed analysis of the three-dimensional imaging data. The size, elongation, and orientation distributions of the observed internal pores were obtained. As discussed, the imaging and quantitative analytical data are considered structural markers for the location of cast iron foundries, as well as a feature of the medieval casting process.

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An Analytical Study of Patina Recipes With Reference to Brass Metal Sculptures

Kanwal

2024

ShodhKosh J. Vis. Per. Arts

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This paper attempts to explore the new patina recipes for brass metal sculptures. It is based on experiments on new patina recipes with the help of the required percentage of chemical compositions and exploring the new way of surface treatment of brass metal sculptures in the form of texture and polish through a chemical process. This research delves into the development and characterization of innovative brass patina recipes aimed at achieving both enhanced aesthetics and improved durability. Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc, has a long history of artistic and practical applications due to its malleability, color, and corrosion resistance. The patina, a surface layer formed over time, adds distinct visual appeal and protective qualities to brass objects. Traditional patina recipes often rely on the interaction of copper with atmospheric elements, leading to variable and unpredictable results. In this study, a systematic approach was undertaken to formulate new brass patina recipes using controlled chemical reactions. By experimenting with various compounds, solutions, and application techniques, a range of patina colors and textures were achieved. Corrosion resistance testing was conducted to comprehensively characterize the developed patinas in terms of their composition, microstructure, and protective properties. The results of this research highlight the potential for customizing brass patina recipes to cater to specific artistic and functional requirements. The newly developed recipes offer consistent and controllable outcomes, reducing the reliance on unpredictable natural processes. The improved understanding of the patina's chemical composition i.e. Ferric oxide, Tin oxide, sulphate compounds etc. and structural attributes contribute to the preservation and maintenance of brass objects over time. This research not only advances the field of material science by presenting novel approaches to brass patination but also provides artisans, conservators, and manufacturers with valuable insights into creating visually appealing brass objects with enhanced durability in coastal/marine environments. The findings open avenues for further investigation into the broader applications of controlled patina formation on other metal alloys and contribute to the sustainable use and appreciation of brass Sculptures.

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Structural studies of the brass ingots from the Shcherbet historical complex of the Lower Kama region: neutron diffraction and tomography studies

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Local supply and long-distance imports: New evidence for the origin of brass, copper and lead at Helgö

Local supply and long-distance imports: New evidence for the origin of brass, copper and lead at Helgö

Structural Features of the Fragments from Cast Iron Cauldrons of the Medieval Golden Horde: Neutron Tomography Data

An Analytical Study of Patina Recipes With Reference to Brass Metal Sculptures

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