Structural studies of the O‐antigen polysaccharide from the enteroinvasive <i>Escherichia coli</i> O164 cross‐reacting with <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> type 3

Linnerborg, Malin; Weintraub, Andrej; Widmalm, Göran

doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00878.x

“…It is well known that some EIEC O antigens are identical to O antigens present in Shigella spp., and this complicates serological differentiation [ 11 , 14 , 32 ]. Cross-reactivity between O-antigens from EIEC O164 and S. dysenteriae serotype 3 has been described [ 32 , 33 ], an observation also detected in our study. Therefore, based on the present knowledge, we cannot conclude on the molecular classification of the EIEC O164 group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Molecular differentiation of Shigella spp. from enteroinvasive E. coli

Løbersli¹,

Wester²,

Kristiansen³

et al. 2016

EuJMI

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A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, amplifying the genes encoding lactose permease (lacY) and invasion plasmid antigen H (ipaH), was run on 121 isolates phenotypically classified as Shigella spp., enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC), or EIEC O nontypable (ONT). The results were compared with data from a generic E. coli multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and a Shigella MLVA.The real-time PCR verified all Shigella spp. (n = 53) as Shigella (lacY negative) and all EIEC O121 (n = 15) and EIEC O124 (n = 2) as EIEC (lacY positive). However, the real-time PCR typed EIEC O164 as either EIEC (n = 2) or Shigella (n = 2) and, thus, was not suited for classifying this group of isolates. Interestingly, the majority (42/47, 89.4%) of the EIEC ONT were classified as Shigella (lacY negative) by the real-time PCR, and in nearly all cases, (92.9%, 39/42) data from both MLVA assays supported these findings. Overall, in 94.7% (114/121) of the isolates, the results from the real-time PCR were substantiated by the results from the MLVA assays.In conclusion, the real-time PCR assay was fast and accurate in differentiating Shigella spp. from EIEC, with the exception of the EIEC O164 group. This molecular assay was particularly pragmatic for the challenging EIEC ONT group.

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“…All of the serotypes are nonmotile except few biotypes of O28ac, O29, O124, O136 and O143 ( Silva et al , 1980 ; Martinez et al , 1999 ). Some of these EIEC-associated O antigens are identical or similar to O antigens present in Shigella spp., namely: O112ac, O124, O136, O143, O152, and O164 with Shigella O antigens of S. dysenteriae 2/ S. boydii 15/ S. boydii 1, S. dysenteriae 3/provisional Shigella serovar 3615.53, S. dysenteriae 3/ S. boydii 1, S. boydii 8, provisional Shigella serovar 3341:55, and S. dysenteriae 3, respectively ( Cheasty and Rowe, 1983 ; Landersjo et al , 1996 ; Linnerborg et al , 1999 ). In fact, differentiation between Shigella and EIEC strains with the same serotype is often difficult due to their nearly identical physio-biochemical traits.…”

Section: Identification and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship among Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) and their differentiation

Ud-Din¹,

Wahid²

2014

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Shigellosis produces inflammatory reactions and ulceration on the intestinal epithelium followed by bloody or mucoid diarrhea. It is caused by enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) as well as any species of the genus Shigella, namely, S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. sonnei. This current species designation of Shigella does not specify genetic similarity. Shigella spp. could be easily differentiated from E. coli, but difficulties observed for the EIEC-Shigella differentiation as both show similar biochemical traits and can cause dysentery using the same mode of invasion. Sequencing of multiple housekeeping genes indicates that Shigella has derived on several different occasions via acquisition of the transferable forms of ancestral virulence plasmids within commensal E. coli and form a Shigella-EIEC pathovar. EIEC showed lower expression of virulence genes compared to Shigella, hence EIEC produce less severe disease than Shigella spp. Conventional microbiological techniques often lead to confusing results concerning the discrimination between EIEC and Shigella spp. The lactose permease gene (lacY) is present in all E. coli strains but absent in Shigella spp., whereas β-glucuronidase gene (uidA) is present in both E. coli and Shigella spp. Thus uidA gene and lacY gene based duplex real-time PCR assay could be used for easy identification and differentiation of Shigella spp. from E. coli and in particular EIEC.

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“…Shigella and EIEC are both non-motile and lack the ability to ferment lactose [24]. Some EIEC O antigens are identical or similar to Shigella O antigens (O112ac, O124, O136, O143, O152 and O164) [26,[29][30][31]. Furthermore, Shigella and EIEC both carry the virulence plasmid pINV, which encodes virulence genes required for invasion [32,33] and contain ipaH (invasion plasmid antigen H) genes with the exception of some SB13 isolates [11,23,24,34,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster-specific gene markers enhance Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli in silico serotyping

Zhang

¹

,

Payne

²

,

Nguyen

³

et al. 2021

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Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) cause human bacillary dysentery with similar invasion mechanisms and share similar physiological, biochemical and genetic characteristics. Differentiation of Shigella from EIEC is important for clinical diagnostic and epidemiological investigations. However, phylogenetically, Shigella and EIEC strains are composed of multiple clusters and are different forms of E. coli , making it difficult to find genetic markers to discriminate between Shigella and EIEC. In this study, we identified 10 Shigella clusters, seven EIEC clusters and 53 sporadic types of EIEC by examining over 17000 publicly available Shigella and EIEC genomes. We compared Shigella and EIEC accessory genomes to identify cluster-specific gene markers for the 17 clusters and 53 sporadic types. The cluster-specific gene markers showed 99.64% accuracy and more than 97.02% specificity. In addition, we developed a freely available in silico serotyping pipeline named Shigella EIEC Cluster Enhanced Serotype Finder (ShigEiFinder) by incorporating the cluster-specific gene markers and established Shigella and EIEC serotype-specific O antigen genes and modification genes into typing. ShigEiFinder can process either paired-end Illumina sequencing reads or assembled genomes and almost perfectly differentiated Shigella from EIEC with 99.70 and 99.74% cluster assignment accuracy for the assembled genomes and read mapping respectively. ShigEiFinder was able to serotype over 59 Shigella serotypes and 22 EIEC serotypes and provided a high specificity of 99.40% for assembled genomes and 99.38% for read mapping for serotyping. The cluster-specific gene markers and our new serotyping tool, ShigEiFinder (installable package: https://github.com/LanLab/ShigEiFinder, online tool: https://mgtdb.unsw.edu.au/ShigEiFinder/), will be useful for epidemiological and diagnostic investigations.

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Structural studies of the O‐antigen polysaccharide from the enteroinvasive Escherichia coli O164 cross‐reacting with Shigella dysenteriae type 3

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Molecular differentiation of Shigella spp. from enteroinvasive E. coli

Molecular differentiation of Shigella spp. from enteroinvasive E. coli

Relationship among Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) and their differentiation

Cluster-specific gene markers enhance Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli in silico serotyping

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