Structural Studies on the Titanium-Nitrogen System.

Holmberg, Bo; Yhland, Margareta; Dahlbom, Richard; Sjövall, Jan; Theander, Olof; Flood, H.

doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.16-1255

Cited by 126 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…This finding is not consistent with the results of the previous structural investigations [4][5][6], in which the authors found that both the ε-and δ'-phases of TiN x could exist in the range 0.38<x<0.61. Also, experimental investigations disagree with regard to the stability of the ε-and δ'-phases.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Also, experimental investigations disagree with regard to the stability of the ε-and δ'-phases. In particular, according to previous observations [8][9][10], δ'-Ti 2 N is a metastable phase that exists in a narrow temperature range 900-1180 K, whereas in other instances this phase was found to be stable below 900-1000 K [6,[11][12][13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

“…where δ is a distorted B1-TiN x structure, and ε-Ti 2 N (TiN x x=0.5) is a stable phase with the tetragonal antirutile structure (space group P4 2 /mnm) [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

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First-principles study of phase stability of Ti2N under pressure

et al. 2012

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First-principles study of phase stability of various phases of Ti 2 N under normal conditions and as a function of pressure were carried out. Among the ε-and δ'-phases of Ti 2 N that are observed experimentally, ε-Ti 2 N is the most stable. The δ'-phase can only exist at high temperature due to the soft acoustic modes at the X point. The origin of the tetragonal structure of both the ε-and δ'-phases is supposed to be caused by the tetragonal local lattice distortion around a nitrogen vacancy. Based on the results of the total-energy and phonon-spectrum calculations at zero temperature, the following sequence of phase transformation in Ti 2 N under pressure is predicted: ε-Ti 2 N (space group P4/mnm), P=77.5 GPa → Au 2 Te-type (space group C2/m), P=86.7 GPa → Al 2 Cu-type (space group I4/mcm). The present study shows that, to correctly predict relative phase stability, the peculiarities of the phonon spectra of the materials under investigation have to be properly accounted for.

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First-principles study of phase stability of Ti2N under pressure

et al. 2012

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“…Octahedral sites are filled completely if the ratio X/Ti = 1. This ratio can vary between 0 -1 as a function of different deposition condition [65][66][67][68]. However, the lattice constant depends on the amount of octahedral sites filled by anions and, of course, also on the incorporated elements.…”

Section: Crystallographic Phase Composition -Xrd Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitrogen doping on TiO_xN_y thin film formation at reactive high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering

Straňák¹,

Quaas²,

Bogdanowicz³

et al. 2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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To cite this version:Vitezslav Stranak, Marion Quaas, Robert Bogdanowicz, Hartmut Steffen, Harm Wulff, et al.. Effect of nitrogen doping on TiOxNy thin film formation at reactive high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, IOP Publishing, 2010, 43 (28) AbstractThe paper is focused on a study of formation of TiO x N y thin films prepared by pulsed magnetron sputtering of metallic Ti target. Oxygen and nitrogen were delivered into the discharge in the form of reactive gases O 2 and N 2 . The films were deposited by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering working with discharge repetition frequency f = 250 Hz at low (p = 0.75 Pa) and high (p = 10 Pa) pressure. The substrates were on floating potential and thermally stabilized at room temperature during deposition process. Post-deposition thermal annealing was not employed. The chemical composition from XPS diagnostic reveals formation of TiO x N y structure at low flow rate of oxygen in the discharge gas mixture. This result is confirmed by XRD investigation of N elements incorporation into the Ti-O lattice. Decrease of band-gap to values Eg ∼ 1.6 eV in TiOxNy thin film is attributed to formed Ti-N bonds. The discharge properties were investigated by time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy. Time evolution of particular spectral lines (Ar + , Ti + , Ti) is presented together with peak discharge current.

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“…La indexación de los diagramas de difracción obtenidos sobre dichos nitruros (Figura 3) confirmó la existencia de un nitruro-ε (Ti 2 N) tetragonal con parámetros de red a = 0,468 nm y c = 0,295 nm, muy similares a los valores dados por la bibliografía, de a = 0,4943 nm y c = 0,3036 nm [12].…”

Section: Caracterización Mediante Microscopía Electrónica De Transmisiónunclassified

Caracterización de la capa formada por nitruración gaseosa del titanio a alta temperatura

Rodriguez¹,

Manero²,

Gil³

et al. 2000

Bol. Soc. Esp. Ceram. Vidr.

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El titanio y la aleación Ti6Al4V son materiales que presentan una excelente biocompatibilidad, si bien la falta de una buena resistencia al desgaste dificulta su uso en diversas aplicaciones biomédicas. Se ha estudiado el endurecimiento superficial del titanio por medio de la nitruración gaseosa con el fin de mejorar su resistencia al desgaste. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un gran incremento en la dureza superficial, de un 300% con relación a las muestras no tratadas. Los datos de las difracciones de rayos X de la superficie de las muestras tratadas muestran la existencia de nitruros de titanio, principalmente nitruros-ε (Ti 2 N), si bien también fueron detectados nitruros-δ (TiN). La difracción de electrones realizada en microscopio electrónico de transmisión (TEM) de regiones subsuperficiales de las muestras tratadas también detectaron la existencia de nitruros-ε. Observaciones con TEM de zonas a distancias de la superficie superiores a 5 µm no revelaron la existencia de nitruros. Por tanto, los resultados obtenidos indican que el tratamiento de nitruración gaseosa podría ser usado para reducir el desgaste del titanio en aplicaciones biomédicas con cargas poco elevadas. Palabras clave: titanio, nitruración, tratamiento superficial, endurecimiento superficial, nitruro de titanio Characterisation of the layer by nitriding of titanium at high temperatureTitanium and Ti6Al4V alloy are biocompatible materials. However, their lack of good wear resistance limits their use for some biomedical applications. Surface hardening by nitriding has been studied in order to improve wear resistance of titanium. The results showed an increase of surface hardness, over 300% when compared to non-treated samples. X-ray diffraction data of the surface of the treated samples showed the existence of titanium nitrides, mainly ε-nitrides (Ti 2 N), although δ−nitrides (TiN) were also detected. Selected area diffraction pattern in transmission electron microscope (TEM) of nearsurface regions detected the existence of ε-nitrides. TEM observations of regions at depths over 5 µm did not registered any nitride. Therefore, the results suggest that the studied treatment could be used to reduce wear in biomedical applications with light and medium loads.Keywords: titanium, nitriding, surface treatment, surface hardness, titanium nitride INTRODUCCIÓNEl titanio y sus aleaciones son materiales de uso cada vez más extendido en el campo de los biomateriales (1). Esto se debe a su excelente biocompatibilidad, su bajo módulo de elasticidad y su baja densidad, que los convierten en uno de los metales con un comportamiento mecánico más semejante al del hueso (2). El titanio comercialmente puro (cp), por ejemplo, es el material de uso para la fabricación de implantes dentales. Sin embargo, a pesar de dichas ventajas, su uso en aplicaciones con existencia de fricción como componentes articulares es limitado, debido a su baja dureza y malas propiedades tribológicas (3).Actualmente existen diversos tratamientos superficiales que intentan solucionar dich...

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Structural Studies on the Titanium-Nitrogen System.

Cited by 126 publications

References 0 publications

First-principles study of phase stability of Ti2N under pressure

First-principles study of phase stability of Ti2N under pressure

Effect of nitrogen doping on TiO_xN_y thin film formation at reactive high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering

Caracterización de la capa formada por nitruración gaseosa del titanio a alta temperatura

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