Structural, thermal and electrical properties of composites electrolytes (1−x) CsH2PO4/x ZrO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) for fuel cell with advanced electrode

Abstract

Composites proton conducting material based on cesium dihydrogen phosphate (CDP) doped with zirconium oxide (1−x) CsH2PO4/x ZrO2 were synthesized with different concentration having in the range such as x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 by ball milling method. The prepared solid acid composites were dried at 150 °C for 6 h. Structural and thermal characterization of solid acid composite proton electrolytes were carried out by X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy respectively. Phase transition of the prepared materials was carried out by using differential scanning calorimetry and conductivity was measured by LC Impedance meter in the range 1 Hz to 400 kHz. The ionic conductivity of ZrO2 doped CsH2PO4 (CDP) was increased up to 1.3 × 10–2 S cm−1 at the 280 °C under environment atmospheric humidification which showed high stability as compared to pure CsH2PO4 (CDP). This obtaining result would be useful for establishing and design the next generation fuel cell.

WITHDRAWN: Preparation, Characterization, and Stability of the (1-x) CsH2PO4 + xTiO2 Composite Electrolytes for Fuel Cells

“…After the transition temperature the dehydration process slowdown in Fig. 9 (b) and matched with other results [1,36,37].…”

A synergistic approach to achieving high conduction and stability of CsH2PO4/NaH2PO4/ZrO2 composites for fuel cells

“…The conductivity of CDP/ZrO 2 was observed to be 1.8 Â 10 À2 S cm À1 for 2000 min in confined nature. 24 The conductivity value of CDP/ NaH 2 PO 4 /SiO 2 was found to be 0.9 Â 10 À2 s cm À1 at 150 1C. 25 The proton conductivity of MPOPS-1 was found to be 1.49 Â 10 À5 and 3.07 Â 10 À2 s cm at a temperature of 350 K under anhydrous and humid conditions, respectively.…”

Phase Behavior and Superprotonic Conductivity in the System (1–x)CsH2PO4 – xH3PO4: Discovery of Off-Stoichiometric α-[Cs1–xHx]H2PO4

“…The superprotonic transition in CDP occurs at 228 °C and results in a transformation from a low-temperature monoclinic phase to a superprotonic cubic phase with a CsCl-like structure with orientationally disordered H 2 PO 4 – anions. ,, At 250 °C, the proton conductivity is 2.5 × 10 –2 S cm –1 . , While the transport properties and redox stability of CDP are well suited for a range of electrochemical applications, there has been some interest in extending the range of superprotonic conductivity to below 228 °C and/or increasing the conductivity of the low-temperature phase so as to minimize possible challenges with the 3 orders of magnitude increase in conductivity at the superprotonic phase transition. Approaches to achieving these goals include preparation of composites, − homogeneous doping , (via substitutional elements in the CDP structure), and heterogeneous doping − (via introduction of secondary components, which can be considered a form of composite preparation).…”