Structure and Assembly of Yersinia pestis F1 Antigen

Knight, Stefan D.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-72124-8_6

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…3). The F1 locus is comprised of four genes that encode the structural subunit Caf1, the molecular chaperone Caf1M, the outer membrane anchor Caf1A, and the regulator Caf1R (40). The 5Ј-flanking region of the operon is highly conserved, but we found structural rearrangements in the adjacent 3Ј region.…”

Section: Microevolution Of the Virulence Plasmidsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Genome Sequence of the Deep-Rooted Yersinia pestis Strain Angola Reveals New Insights into the Evolution and Pangenome of the Plague Bacterium

et al. 2010

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To gain insights into the origin and genome evolution of the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis, we have sequenced the deep-rooted strain Angola, a virulent Pestoides isolate. Its ancient nature makes this atypical isolate of particular importance in understanding the evolution of plague pathogenicity. Its chromosome features a unique genetic make-up intermediate between modern Y. pestis isolates and its evolutionary ancestor, Y. pseudotuberculosis. Our genotypic and phenotypic analyses led us to conclude that Angola belongs to one of the most ancient Y. pestis lineages thus far sequenced. The mobilome carries the first reported chimeric plasmid combining the two species-specific virulence plasmids. Genomic findings were validated in virulence assays demonstrating that its pathogenic potential is distinct from modern Y. pestis isolates. Human infection with this particular isolate would not be diagnosed by the standard clinical tests, as Angola lacks the plasmid-borne capsule, and a possible emergence of this genotype raises major public health concerns. To assess the genomic plasticity in Y. pestis, we investigated the global gene reservoir and estimated the pangenome at 4,844 unique protein-coding genes. As shown by the genomic analysis of this evolutionary key isolate, we found that the genomic plasticity within Y. pestis clearly was not as limited as previously thought, which is strengthened by the detection of the largest number of isolate-specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) currently reported in the species. This study identified numerous novel genetic signatures, some of which seem to be intimately associated with plague virulence. These markers are valuable in the development of a robust typing system critical for forensic, diagnostic, and epidemiological studies.

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Section: Microevolution Of the Virulence Plasmidsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Genome Sequence of the Deep-Rooted Yersinia pestis Strain Angola Reveals New Insights into the Evolution and Pangenome of the Plague Bacterium

et al. 2010

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“…The F1 capsule is not an essential virulence factor for Y. pestis in mammals (reviewed by [44]), as shown by the fact that F1-negative Y. pestis mutants are still mortal for mice, primates and humans ([45], [46], the present work) although it is required to achieve full pathogenicity in certain mouse strains [47]. Y. pestis virulence is recognized to be multifactorial, so that the transfer of a single gene in an avirulent Y. pseudotuberculosis was unlikely to increase its virulence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Encapsulated Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Is a Highly Efficient Vaccine against Pneumonic Plague

et al. 2012

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BackgroundPlague is still a public health problem in the world and is re-emerging, but no efficient vaccine is available. We previously reported that oral inoculation of a live attenuated Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, the recent ancestor of Yersinia pestis, provided protection against bubonic plague. However, the strain poorly protected against pneumonic plague, the most deadly and contagious form of the disease, and was not genetically defined.Methodology and Principal FindingsThe sequenced Y. pseudotuberculosis IP32953 has been irreversibly attenuated by deletion of genes encoding three essential virulence factors. An encapsulated Y. pseudotuberculosis was generated by cloning the Y. pestis F1-encoding caf operon and expressing it in the attenuated strain. The new V674pF1 strain produced the F1 capsule in vitro and in vivo. Oral inoculation of V674pF1 allowed the colonization of the gut without lesions to Peyer's patches and the spleen. Vaccination induced both humoral and cellular components of immunity, at the systemic (IgG and Th1 cells) and the mucosal levels (IgA and Th17 cells). A single oral dose conferred 100% protection against a lethal pneumonic plague challenge (33×LD50 of the fully virulent Y. pestis CO92 strain) and 94% against a high challenge dose (3,300×LD50). Both F1 and other Yersinia antigens were recognized and V674pF1 efficiently protected against a F1-negative Y. pestis.Conclusions and SignificanceThe encapsulated Y. pseudotuberculosis V674pF1 is an efficient live oral vaccine against pneumonic plague, and could be developed for mass vaccination in tropical endemic areas to control pneumonic plague transmission and mortality.

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“…The full number of known adhesive structures is too large to describe in this review. Other important structures include the S pili, Hif pili of Haemophilus influenza, a number of nonpilus structures like the Yersinia pestis F1 antigen [7] and the colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). S pili are associated with E. coli strains that cause sepsis, meningitis and UTI.…”

Section: Pili Of Gram-negative Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although originally characterized as afimbrial due to their amorphous or capsule-like morphology at low resolution, several members of this group can in fact be assembled into genuine fimbrial structures. The adhesive structures are generally homopolymers composed of a single protein subunit, like the Afa/ Dr family of adhesins of E. coli [4,5] and the polymeric F1 capsular antigen of Yersinia pestis [6,7]. During pilus assembly, the pilus subunits (pilins) are secreted into the periplasmic space via the general secretory pathway and bind to a specific chaperone that assists in protein folding and prevents premature assembly of the subunits.…”

Section: Pili Of Gram-negative Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pili in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria — structure, assembly and their role in disease

Proft

Baker

2008

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

454

406

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Many bacterial species possess long filamentous structures known as pili or fimbriae extending from their surfaces. Despite the diversity in pilus structure and biogenesis, pili in Gram-negative bacteria are typically formed by non-covalent homopolymerization of major pilus subunit proteins (pilins), which generates the pilus shaft. Additional pilins may be added to the fiber and often function as host cell adhesins. Some pili are also involved in biofilm formation, phage transduction, DNA uptake and a special form of bacterial cell movement, known as 'twitching motility'. In contrast, the more recently discovered pili in Gram-positive bacteria are formed by covalent polymerization of pilin subunits in a process that requires a dedicated sortase enzyme. Minor pilins are added to the fiber and play a major role in host cell colonization.This review gives an overview of the structure, assembly and function of the best-characterized pili of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

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Structure and Assembly of Yersinia pestis F1 Antigen

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Genome Sequence of the Deep-Rooted Yersinia pestis Strain Angola Reveals New Insights into the Evolution and Pangenome of the Plague Bacterium

Genome Sequence of the Deep-Rooted Yersinia pestis Strain Angola Reveals New Insights into the Evolution and Pangenome of the Plague Bacterium

An Encapsulated Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Is a Highly Efficient Vaccine against Pneumonic Plague

Pili in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria — structure, assembly and their role in disease

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