Structure and function of a conserved DNA region coding for tartrate utilization in<i>Agrobacterium vitis</i>

Salomone, J.-Y.; Otten, Léon

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13587.x

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

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The Ecology of Agrobacterium vitis and Management of Crown Gall Disease in Vineyards

Kuzmanović

Puławska

Hao

et al. 2018

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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Agrobacterium vitis is the primary causal agent of grapevine crown gall worldwide. Symptoms of grapevine crown gall disease include tumor formation on the aerial plant parts, whereas both tumorigenic and nontumorigenic strains of A. vitis cause root necrosis. Genetic and genomic analyses indicated that A. vitis is distinguishable from the members of the Agrobacterium genus and its transfer to the genus Allorhizobium was suggested. A. vitis is genetically diverse, with respect to both chromosomal and plasmid DNA. Its pathogenicity is mainly determined by a large conjugal tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid characterized by a mosaic structure with conserved and variable regions. Traditionally, A. vitis Ti plasmids and host strains were differentiated into octopine/cucumopine, nopaline, and vitopine groups, based on opine markers. However, tumorigenic and nontumorigenic strains of A. vitis may carry other ecologically important plasmids, such as tartrate- and opine-catabolic plasmids. A. vitis colonizes vines endophytically. It is also able to survive epiphytically on grapevine plants and is detected in soil exclusively in association with grapevine plants. Because A. vitis persists systemically in symptomless grapevine plants, it can be efficiently disseminated to distant geographical areas via international trade of propagation material. The use of healthy planting material in areas with no history of the crown gall represents the crucial measure of disease management. Moreover, biological control and production of resistant grape varieties are encouraging as future control measures.

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The Ecology of Agrobacterium vitis and Management of Crown Gall Disease in Vineyards

Kuzmanović

Puławska

Hao

et al. 2018

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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Anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli on d-tartrate depends on the fumarate carrier DcuB and fumarase, rather than the l-tartrate carrier TtdT and l-tartrate dehydratase

2007

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Escherichia coli is able to grow under anaerobic conditions on D: -tartrate when glycerol is supplied as an electron donor (D-tartrate fermentation). D-Tartrate was converted to succinate. Growth was lost in strains deficient for DcuB, the fumarate/succinate antiporter of fumarate respiration. The L-tartrate/succinate antiporter TtdT of L-tartrate fermentation, or the C4-dicarboxylate carriers DcuA and DcuC, were not able to support D-tartrate transport and fermentation. Deletion of fumB demonstrated, that fumarase B is required for growth on D-tartrate. The mutant lost most (about 79%) of D-tartrate dehydratase activity. L-Tartrate dehydratase (TtdAB), and fumarase A or C, showed no or only a small contribution to D-tartrate dehydratase activity. Therefore D-tartrate is metabolised by a sequence of reactions analogous to that from L-tartrate fermentation, including dehydration to oxaloacetate, which is then converted to malate, fumarate and succinate. The stereoisomer specific carrier TtdT and dehydratase TtdAB of L-tartrate fermentation are substituted by enzymes from general anaerobic fumarate metabolism, the antiporter DcuB and fumarase B, which have a broader substrate specificity. No D-tartrate specific carriers and enzymes are involved in the pathway.

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Identification and genomic organization of gene loci negatively controlled by the virulence regulatory BvgAS two-component system in Bordetella bronchiseptica

2002

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The two-component system BvgAS positively controls transcription of the virulence genes of Bordetella pertussis and B. bronchiseptica, which include several genes for toxins and adhesins. On the other hand, the BvgAS system negatively controls the expression of a poorly characterized set of genes, the so-called virulence repressed ( vrg) genes. To investigate the function of this group of genes and their relationship to virulence, we identified several novel vrg genes of B. bronchiseptica via the generation of transcriptional fusions with gfp (the ORF encoding Green Fluorescent Protein) by transposon mutagenesis. Expression of all of the vrg genes was enhanced under phenotype-modulating growth conditions and in phase variants, demonstrating that their transcription is indeed controlled by the BvgAS system. In addition, transcription of most of these new vrg genes was found to be affected by the growth phase of the bacteria, with maximal expression being observed in the late logarithmic or stationary phase. The majority of these genes encode putative metabolic functions involved in redox reactions and amino acid transport. Interestingly, several vrg genes of B. bronchiseptica are not expressed or have been lost in B. pertussis, indicating that, possibly as a consequence of its adaptation to a single host organism, many vrg genes of B. pertussis are gradually decaying.

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Structure and function of a conserved DNA region coding for tartrate utilization inAgrobacterium vitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

The Ecology of Agrobacterium vitis and Management of Crown Gall Disease in Vineyards

The Ecology of Agrobacterium vitis and Management of Crown Gall Disease in Vineyards

Anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli on d-tartrate depends on the fumarate carrier DcuB and fumarase, rather than the l-tartrate carrier TtdT and l-tartrate dehydratase

Identification and genomic organization of gene loci negatively controlled by the virulence regulatory BvgAS two-component system in Bordetella bronchiseptica

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