Structure and Plasticity of Undried Cotton Fibers

Berkley, Earl E.

doi:10.1021/ie50435a020

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…' Before tests were performed, the cotton fibers (lint) were dissected from the seeds while the locks were immersed in the storage liquid. Care was taken to exert as little tension as possible on the fibers during dissection, since Berkley and Kerr [4] had concluded that stretching the moist fibers caused some crystallization. The dissected lint was thoroughly mixed before samples were withdrawn for tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accessibility and Lateral Order Distribution of the Cellulose in the Developing Cotton Fiber1

Nelson

Mares

1965

Textile Research Journal

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Cotton fibers from bolls harvested at 5-day intervals beginning at 20 days after flowering and ending at 50 days ( when the bolls had opened on the plant) 'were preserved in three ways for study in the never-dned state. Preservation was accomplished in 70% aqueous ethanol, 50% aqueous dioxane, and by freezing. Measurements of iodine sorption, red-green ("differential") dye uptake, and liquid-phase deuterationrehydrogenation gave different kinds of estimates of accessibility. These data were interpreted as indicating a relatively open structure during the 20-to 30-day period of growth, and a consolidation of the cellulosic component of the cell wall during the subsequent period of wall-thickening (35 to 45 days after flowering). There was only a small change in magnitude of these data upon boll opening. The leveling-off D.P. was nearly constant from the 30th to the 45th day, but showed a slight decrease after boll opening.Lateral order distribution was assessed by treatment with sodium hydroxide solutions of increasing concentrations, followed by moisture sorption measurements and x-ray evaluation of extent of lattice transformation. The data indicated perhaps a slight increase in lateral order from 20 to 30 days after flowering, then a leveling-off from 30 to 45 days and a small increase upon boll opening at 50 days.These data are interpreted as indicating that the high crystallinity of the mature cotton fiber does not suddenly appear when the fiber first dries as the boll opens, but begins to develop concurrently with the deposition of cellulose during the period of wall thickening, and reaches the final high value by crystallization of an additional small fraction of cellulose upon initial drying.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Berkley and Kerr [4] latter reported that &dquo;x-ray patterns of undried [italics ours] cotton fibers taken from developing bolls showed little or no evidence of crystalline cellulose,. The pattern of native cellulose appeared at the time the tiht>rs underwent their initial clehyclraticm,~.…”

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confidence: 99%

Accessibility and Lateral Order Distribution of the Cellulose in the Developing Cotton Fiber1

Nelson

Mares

1965

Textile Research Journal

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Knowledge of relative varicellulose as industrial raw material. Although it ations in degree of polymerization, crystallite size, is generally agreed that native cotton exhibits crystallinity, and orientation of crystallites to the variation in the value of crystallinity between cotton varieties, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] a very narrow spread (67-72%) in crystallinity values by itself is insufficient to crystallinity based on a simplified crystallinemic residues by soaking for 6 h each in carbon tetrachloride and methanol and subsequent boilamorphous system is not very meaningful. [26][27][28] The literature on the crystallite size of cellulose is ing for 3 h in 2% sodium hydroxide solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose crystallite sizes in diploid and tetraploid native cotton

Moharir

Kiekens

1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Cellulose crystallite sizes in directions perpendicular to (101), (101 V ), and (002) planes, have been estimated from X-ray powder diffraction patterns. The diffraction peaks were resolved using the FIT X-ray diffraction data analysis program (written by SOCABIM, Siemens DIFFRAC AT Software System, Siemens, Germany). The complete data for all the three equatorial planes was analyzed for 2u, d values, full width at half-maximum (FWHM), and the normalized area under the three diffraction peaks, for seven cotton cultivars grown at four different locations in India in different crop years. The mean crystallite sizes were determined using the Scherrer equation. The reference standard included degummed and purified ramie fibers for relative crystallinity estimation in cotton cultivars. It has been observed that, though the computed crystallite sizes corresponding to (101), (101 V ), and (002) planes vary within individual varieties with location and year of growth, the combined average crystallite size corresponding to (101) and (101 V ) planes taken together for individual varieties from all locations and crop years is close to the combined average crystallite size corresponding to the (002) planes, irrespective of the species of cotton. The values of the average relative crystallinity with respect to highly oriented degummed and purified ramie fibers of individual varieties from all locations and crop years do not significantly vary between varieties and species of cotton. It is visualized that variations in crystallite sizes arise as a result of the differences in the amount of cellulose synthesized within fibers of individual varieties and their disposition within the matrix of their developing fibers.

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“…Early studies on never-dried cotton fibers (fibers removed from fresh closed bolls and maintained in their original &dquo;biological&dquo; state) discussed their structure, plasticity, and crystallinity [2,7,12]. Since 1971, additional reports have described the unique water uptake, reactivity, fine structure, morphology, and mechanical properties of never-dried cot ton, and the irreversible changes in these properties that occur during the initial drying of the fibers [3-6, 8, 10, 11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closed-Boll Cotton

Rousselle

Nelson

Barker

et al. 1980

Textile Research Journal

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Never-dried and dried cotton fibers from closed bolls harvested at various stages of growth were treated with propylene oxide. Both sets of treated fibers, which were tested after drying and rewetting with water, had moisture-sorption and tensile properties close to those of never-dried cotton. Comparison of treated fibers to untreated dried fibers showed that water-retention values were doubled by the treatment, regains at 87% RH were increased by a third, and fiber-bundle and single-fiber elongations were more than doubled. Bundle tenacity and single-fiber breaking load were also increased . 1

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Structure and Plasticity of Undried Cotton Fibers

Abstract: X-ray patterns of undried cotton fibers taken from developing bolls showed little or no evidence of crystalline cellulose. The pattern of native cellulose appeared at the time the fibers underwent their initial dehydration. Undried cotton fibers possessed considerable plasticity.

Cited by 37 publications

References 5 publications

Accessibility and Lateral Order Distribution of the Cellulose in the Developing Cotton Fiber1

Accessibility and Lateral Order Distribution of the Cellulose in the Developing Cotton Fiber1

Cellulose crystallite sizes in diploid and tetraploid native cotton

Closed-Boll Cotton

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