Structure‐Based Virtual Screening and Synthesis of Mn²⁺ Complexes of Benzothiazole Derivatives for Designing New MRI Probes

Abstract

Benzothiazole derivatives are highly selective and an antitumor therapeutic in vitro and in vivo, highlighting the compound 2-(4'-aminophenyl) benzothiazole (ABT), which exhibits nanomolar concentration activity in vitro against some human breast cancer cells in humans. In this work, we designed new contrast agents based on the structural modification of ABT by complexing them with manganese in order to obtain para-magnetic complexes for efficient diagnosis of breast cancer. The new agents were evaluated by docking studies that allowed investigating interactions and the mode of connection between the active site of the enzyme and the compounds studied. The theoretical and experimental results both indicate that Compound 57 is a promising contrast agent.

Hybrid Materials Based on Magnetic Iron Oxides with Benzothiazole Derivatives: A Plausible Potential Spectroscopy Probe

“…Previous results from Mancini’s work show the interaction mode of the ABT complex at the active site. The importance of metal in the formation of hydrogen bonds with some amino acid residues (e.g., Lys800, Thr827), and the adaptation of ABT to the PI3K protein, which is present in several cellular activities, are highlighted [ 6 , 8 , 27 ].…”

“…The compounds called radiopharmaceuticals are medicines containing radionuclides, often used in nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases. A large number of radiopharmaceuticals may be employed, including complexes containing metals like magnesium [ 6 ], gadolinium [ 7 ], and others. We can also highlight compounds based on metal complexes of technetium (Tc) and its 99 mTc metastable nuclear isomer [ 8 ].…”

“…The derivative compounds of phenylbenzothiazole (PBT) show versatile biological behavior, especially the compound 2-(4’-aminophenyl)benzothiazole (ABT), and their chemical activity is connected to the binding mode of these molecules to the protein phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and other kinases. By analyzing the pharmacological and physicochemical properties of these compounds, it is concluded that this class of compounds can be functionalized, forming an organic–inorganic hybrid material so that it can act as a spectroscopic probe, deliver drugs at specific sites, or provide imaging information as a sensor [ 6 , 8 ]. In this line, the use of iron oxide nanoparticles as the inorganic part is an alternative for biomedical applications to avoid especially high toxicity rates, due to the higher compatibility of iron with the human body [ 9 ].…”

“…Therefore, the methodologies that use computational tools aim to facilitate and optimize the development of new compounds, reducing costs and avoiding the waste of manpower and resources. This technique has been growing steadily in recent years [ 6 , 13 ].…”