Structure characterisation of catalytic particulate filters for automotive exhaust gas aftertreatment

Václavík, Marek; Plachá, Marie; Kočí, Petr; Svoboda, Miloš; Hotchkiss, Thomas; Novák, Vladimír; Thompsett, David

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2017.11.011

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Nevertheless, only information about the surface and local structure could be obtained. The whole structure characteristics and parameters remain unknown (Vaclavik et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional geometry, pore parameter, and fractal characteristic analyses of medium-density fiberboard by X-ray tomography, coupling with scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry

Shao

Guo

et al. 2020

Journal of Building Physics

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Pore structure parameters are significant for investigating the diffusion properties of volatile organic compounds from building materials. Traditional characterization methods could provide ether surface morphology or some pore parameters of the material, which could not comprehensively reflect the overall information. X-ray tomography, as an advanced nondestructive method, can not only characterize the three-dimensional structure characteristics but also comprehensively measure pore parameters of materials. This study applied X-ray tomography to systematically analyze the geometry and volatile organic compound emission paths of medium-density fiberboard. The three-dimensional structures of pores and materials were reconstructed respectively. The isolated pores and connective pores were extracted to indicate the pore connectivity, and skeletonization was simultaneously applied, allowing visualization of the volatile organic compound diffusion paths. The porosity was 54.67%, and 99.91% of the pores were connective pores. The tortuosity was 2.07, and the fractal dimension was 2.605, indicating the heterogeneity and self-similarity of pore structures. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the two-dimensional morphology of the material, and mercury intrusion porosimetry was applied to analyze the pore parameters. The results were consistent with that of X-ray tomography, and their coupling with X-ray tomography could comprehensively characterize the structures and parameters of indoor building materials, which could contribute significantly to future research on volatile organic compound emission mechanisms and building physics.

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“…Nevertheless, only information about the surface and local structure could be obtained. The whole structure characteristics and parameters remain unknown (Vaclavik et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional geometry, pore parameter, and fractal characteristic analyses of medium-density fiberboard by X-ray tomography, coupling with scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry

Shao

Guo

et al. 2020

Journal of Building Physics

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“…A filter characterized by a high porosity decreases the inherent pressure drop and can mitigate soot buildup by enhancing flow and accommodating higher amounts of soot. The porosity of a common SCRoF comprised of SiC is typically 55-60%, with a median pore width of approximately 20 µm [20,24,27]. The deposition of the SCR catalyst decreases the porosity but does not change the median pore size (Figure 2) [20,24,27].…”

Section: Integrated Nox-scr On Diesel Particulate Filter (Scrof)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aftertreatment Technologies for Diesel Engines: An Overview of the Combined Systems

2021

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The abatement of the pollutants deriving from diesel engines in the vehicle sector still represents an interesting scientific and technological challenge due to increasingly limiting regulations. Meeting the stringent limits of NOx and soot emissions requires a catalytic system with great complexity, size of units, and number of units, as well as increased fuel consumption. Thus, an after-treatment device for a diesel vehicle requires the use of an integrated catalyst technology for a reduction in the individual emissions of exhaust gas. The representative technologies devoted to the reduction of NOx under lean-burn operation conditions are selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and the lean NOx trap (LNT), while soot removal is mainly performed by filters (DPF). These devices are normally used in sequence, or a combination of them has been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of the individual devices. This review summarizes the current state of NOx and soot abatement strategies. The main focus of this review is on combined technologies for NOx removal (i.e., LNT–SCR) and for the simultaneous removal of NOx and soot, like SCR-on-Filter (SCRoF), in series LNT/DPF and SCR/DPF, and LNT/DPF and SCR/DPF hybrid systems.

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“…38 As shown in Figure 3, studies found that the pore size distribution can be fitted with a lognormal distribution, and mean pore size and variance are its characteristic parameters. 27,39 After obtaining the probability density distribution of the pore size, the probability density distribution of the collector diameter (equation (3)) can be derived from the relationship between the collector diameter and the pore diameter (equation (2)).…”

Section: Model Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of deep-bed filtration of a gasoline particulate filter with inhomogeneous wall structure under different particle size distributions

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2021

International Journal of Engine Research

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In order to describe the microstructure of the porous wall of a gasoline particulate filter (GPF), a pore size distribution based on a probability density function (PDF) and a non-uniform porosity distribution are introduced. The dynamic process of deep-bed filtration in GPF with inhomogeneous wall structure is studied, considering different particle size distributions (PSDs). The results show that most of the particles are captured in the top region of the porous wall, in which the porosity and permeability reduce more obviously during dynamic filtration, and the bottom of the porous wall contributes little to the overall filtration. As time increases, the filtration efficiency of the porous wall for each particle size increases, and the most penetrating particle’s diameter becomes smaller gradually. The dynamic evolution of characteristic parameters of the porous wall, the most efficient filtration region, the pressure drop and the duration of deep-bed filtration are strongly influenced by PSD. This research illustrates the necessity to consider difference of PSDs when working on the filtration process of GPFs.

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Structure characterisation of catalytic particulate filters for automotive exhaust gas aftertreatment

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Three-dimensional geometry, pore parameter, and fractal characteristic analyses of medium-density fiberboard by X-ray tomography, coupling with scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry

Three-dimensional geometry, pore parameter, and fractal characteristic analyses of medium-density fiberboard by X-ray tomography, coupling with scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry

Aftertreatment Technologies for Diesel Engines: An Overview of the Combined Systems

Simulation of deep-bed filtration of a gasoline particulate filter with inhomogeneous wall structure under different particle size distributions

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