Structure engineering in interconnected porous hollow carbon spheres with superior rate capability for supercapacitors and lithium-sulfur batteries

Insight into the Supercapacitive Behavior of Activated Hollow Porous Carbon Spheres in Different Electrolytes

“…To determine the SSA and porous structure of the AHPCSs, the nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm was measured. As depicted in Figure a, the nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm can be obviously regarded as a hybrid IUPAC type I and type IV curve, which reveals a combination of microporous, mesoporous, and macroporous structures. , The early stage ( P / P 0 < 0.05) of the isotherm with the sharp increase corresponds to a considerable amount of micropore filling, while the sloppy region at high relatively pressure ( P / P 0 > 0.95) indicates the presence of hollow macropores. Besides, it is generally known that an isotherm with a pronounced capillary condensation step at the medium relative pressure region manifests the multilayer adsorption on the mesopores, which can be observed in the curve of AHPCSs. − Furthermore, as depicted in Figure b, the PSD of the as-prepared AHPCSs illustrates that the activation of KOH will dramatically affect the PSD, which concentrates on the range from 1.23 to 4.50 nm including abundant micropores and mesopores.…”

“…As depicted in Figure 1a, the nitrogen adsorption/ desorption isotherm can be obviously regarded as a hybrid IUPAC type I and type IV curve, which reveals a combination of microporous, mesoporous, and macroporous structures. 30,31 The early stage (P/P 0 < 0.05) of the isotherm with the sharp increase corresponds to a considerable amount of micropore filling, while the sloppy region at high relatively pressure (P/P 0 > 0.95) indicates the presence of hollow macropores. Besides, it is generally known that an isotherm with a pronounced capillary condensation step at the medium relative pressure region manifests the multilayer adsorption on the mesopores, which can be observed in the curve of AHPCSs.…”

Synthesis of Interconnected Hollow Carbon Nanospheres with Controllable In Situ N‐Doping Level for Supercapacitors

“…Some studies have found that element-doped HCSs (N, [8] B, [9] S, [10] P [11] ) have better surface wettability in aqueous electrolytes than undoped HCSs, which can efficiently improve the amount of the active sites and accelerate transfer rates of ions. [12] Among them, nitrogendoped HCSs have been extensively studied because of their remarkable enhancement in electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. Researchers have demonstrated that the better electrochemical performance of N-doped HCSs comes from the surface polarity and extra pseudocapacitance by the nitrogen functional groups.…”

Tessellated N-doped carbon/CoSe2 as trap-catalyst sulfur hosts for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries

“…Finally, it is supposed to have efficient adsorption-catalytic properties to capture and rapidly convert long-chain polysulfides. [12][13][14] Based on the above characteristics, researchers have made great improvement in constructing highly conductive carbon materials, nano-micro carbon spheres, 15 graphene, 16 MXenes 17 and other materials. [18][19][20] Particularly, various hollow micro-mesoporous carbon materials derived from MOFs with different morphologies have been developed to achieve a suitable specific surface area by adjusting the pore channels.…”