Structure?function relationships of four compression wood types: micromechanical properties at the tissue and fibre level

Burgert, Ingo; Frühmann, Klaus; Kečkéš, Jozef; Fratzl, Peter; Stanzl-Tschegg, Stefanie E.

doi:10.1007/s00468-004-0334-y

Cited by 67 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Generally, all publications agree that a higher MFA leads to higher hygroexpansion in the longitudinal direction and lower hygroexpansion in the transverse direction of the fiber [47,52,97,98,99,100]. For small MFAs (\30°), the longitudinal shrinkage is a lot smaller (\1%) than the transverse shrinkage (7-9%), but in the region of extremely large MFAs (40°-50°) this relation switches and the longitudinal shrinkage (\8%) is larger than the transverse shrinkage (\4%) [71].…”

Section: Microfibril Anglementioning

confidence: 66%

Factors affecting the hygroexpansion of paper

Lindner

2017

J Mater Sci

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Paper is a widely used packaging material and is nowadays regaining importance, e.g., as bio-based and biodegradable material. Moreover, new technologies such as polymer-fiber composites, printed electronics and the deep drawing of paper are developing. The process stability and also the resulting quality of paper converting processes such as coating, metallization, printing, and the printing of electronics are highly affected by the hygroexpansion of paper. In order to reduce production instability and to choose and develop paper substrates with ideal characteristics, critical parameters need to be known. This paper offers an extensive overview of those parameters, starting at a molecular and microscopic level with the effect of the constituents and morphology of single fibers, before moving on to paper contents, chemical modifications and additives and finally concluding with paper production and fiber network modification. It was found that the major influences are single fiber sorption, inter-fiber contacts, microfibril angle, fiber morphology (length, width, curliness) and fiber orientation. This review gives new ideas and insights for technologists working in research, development and production optimization of paper-based products.

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Section: Microfibril Anglementioning

confidence: 66%

Factors affecting the hygroexpansion of paper

Lindner

2017

J Mater Sci

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“…The glycerinestored single cells were glued onto 200 lm thick foliar frames using cyanoacrylate glue (Burgert et al 2004). The foliar frames carrying the individual cells were fixed by a pinhole assembly and were strained with a test speed of 1.5 lm/s.…”

Section: Microtensile Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A close-up view of wood structure and properties across a growth ring of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L] Karst.)

Eder

Jungnikl

Burgert

2008

Trees

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A growth ring of an adult Norway spruce (Picea abies [L] Karst.) was analyzed to a high resolution at the single cell level with respect to structural and mechanical changes during the growth period. For this purpose structural characterization was performed by means of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and wide angle X-ray diffraction for investigating the geometry of cells, their cell wall fractions and cellulose microfibril angles (MFA). The mechanical properties were determined in microtensile tests on individual tracheids which had been taken from sequentially cut tangential slices. The results revealed pronounced differences in tensile stiffness between earlywood and latewood cells but only minor differences in tensile stiffness between the cell walls of both tissue types. These comparatively small changes in cell wall stiffness across the growth ring were caused by slight changes in MFA. The findings suggest that trees mainly vary cell size to optimize water transport and mechanical stability during the growth period and that modification of the cell wall organisation plays a minor role.

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“…Wood is composed of parallel tubular cells reinforced with cellulose fibrils in a spiral wound, embedded in a matrix of hemicellulose and lignin. The winding angle of fibrils confers different mechanical properties of wood, such as stiffness and strength [9][10][11][12]. Bamboo is one of the strongest natural fibre composites with special properties.…”

Section: Fibrous Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Biomimetics: A New Fresh Look of Textiles

Teodorescu¹

2014

Journal of Textiles

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Biomimetics is a new research field that deals with extraction and imitation of functional principles of nature and applying them in engineering. Due to the perfection of structures and mechanisms found in the natural world, scientists came to the conclusion that these may constitute reliable sources of inspiration and viable solutions for technological problems they face today. Industrial applications have rapidly developed. Trying to synthesize all information about this extremely large field, with branches in biology, physics, chemistry, and engineering, soon I realised that an exhaustive study is merely a utopia. Despite all that, the beauty and perfection of “inspiration sources” which led to the fabrication of many biomimetic prototypes encouraged me to approach with thrill and enthusiasm this fascinating domain, not in general, but in a more specific field, the textile field. After a brief introduction to Biomimetics and a historical review of it, there are presented some of the most important biomimetic textiles innovations, among which I mention fibrous structures, multifunctional surfaces, thermal insulating materials, and structurally coloured materials.

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Structure?function relationships of four compression wood types: micromechanical properties at the tissue and fibre level

Cited by 67 publications

References 16 publications

Factors affecting the hygroexpansion of paper

Factors affecting the hygroexpansion of paper

A close-up view of wood structure and properties across a growth ring of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L] Karst.)

Applied Biomimetics: A New Fresh Look of Textiles

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