Structure, mechanical and tribological properties, and oxidation resistance of TaC/a-C:H films deposited by high power impulse magnetron sputtering

Luo, Huan; Yazdi, Mohammad Arab Pour; Chen, Sheng-Chi; Sun, Hui; Gao, Fei; Heintz, O.; Monteynard, Alexis de; Sanchette, Frédéric; Billard, Alain

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.06.284

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Binding energy scales for NbC were calibrated by setting the C 1s binding energy for the carbidic feature at 282.7 eV. , For TaC, the corresponding C 1s carbide feature was set at 282.9 eV. , The spin–orbit doublet components of Nb 3d core level spectra (3d 5/2 and 3d 3/2 ) were separated by 2.75 eV. , Spectral deconvolution was carried out with a constraint of 3:2 on the 5/2:3/2 peak intensities, , with Nb 3d 7/2 binding energies as described in the literature , though allowed to vary slightly (<0.2 eV) for goodness of fit. A carbide phase C 1s binding energy of 282.9 eV was used to calibrate all the binding energies for TaC films. , The spin orbit doublet (4f 7/2 and 4f 5/2 ) of Ta 4f spectra was separated by 1.9 eV. − Spectral deconvolution was set with a constraint of 4:3 on the 7/2:5/2 peak intensities . Shirely background subtraction was applied to remove the background effect. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Niobium Carbide and Tantalum Carbide as Nitrogen Reduction Electrocatalysts: Catalytic Activity, Carbophilicity, and the Importance of Intermediate Oxidation States

Alhowity,

Balogun,

Ganesan

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Significant interest in the electrocatalytic reduction of molecular nitrogen to ammonia (the nitrogen reduction reaction: NRR) has focused attention on transition metal carbides as possible electrocatalysts. However, a fundamental understanding of carbide surface structure/NRR reactivity relationships is sparse. Herein, electrochemistry, DFTbased calculations, and in situ photoemission studies demonstrate that NbC, deposited by magnetron sputter deposition, is active for NRR at pH 3.2 but only after immersion of an ambient-induced Nb 2 O 5 surface layer in 0.3 M NaOH, which leaves Nb suboxides with niobium in intermediate formal oxidation states. Photoemission data, however, show that polarization to −1.3 V vs Ag/AgCl restores the Nb 2 O 5 overlayer, correlating with electrochemical measurements showing inhibition of NRR activity under these conditions. In contrast, a similar treatment of a sputter-deposited TaC sample in 0.3 M NaOH fails to reduce the ambient-induced Ta 2 O 5 surface layer, and TaC is inactive for NRR at potentials more positive than −1.0 V even though a significant cathodic current is observed. A TaC sample with surface oxide partially reduced by Ar ion sputtering in UHV prior to in situ transfer to UHV exhibits a restored Ta 2 O 5 surface layer after electrochemical polarization to −1.0 V vs Ag/AgCl. The electrochemical and photoemission results are in accord with DFT-based calculations indicating greater N�N bond activation for N 2 bound end-on to Nb(IV) and Nb(III) sites than for N 2 bound end-on to Nb(V) sites. Thus, theory and experiment demonstrate that with respect to NbC, the formation and stabilization of intermediate (non-d 0 ) oxidation states for surface transition metal ions is critical for N�N bond activation and NRR activity. Additionally, the Nb suboxide surface, formed by immersion in 0.3 M NaOH of ambient-exposed NbC, is shown to undergo reoxidation to catalytically inactive Nb 2 O 5 at −1.3 V vs Ag/AgCl, possibly due to hydrolysis or other, as yet not understood, phenomena.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A carbide phase C 1s binding energy of 282.9 eV was used to calibrate all the binding energies for TaC films. 24,25 The spin orbit doublet (4f 7/2 and 4f 5/2 ) of Ta 4f spectra was separated by 1.9 eV. 30−32 Spectral deconvolution was set with a constraint of 4:3 on the 7/2:5/2 peak intensities.…”

Section: Sample Deposition and Characterization Film Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niobium Carbide and Tantalum Carbide as Nitrogen Reduction Electrocatalysts: Catalytic Activity, Carbophilicity, and the Importance of Intermediate Oxidation States

Alhowity,

Balogun,

Ganesan

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…It has to be noted that often such conditions have been marked as dry conditions in literature, while those may be considered simply as unlubricated conditions. Most studies have been performed at ambient temperature and pressure, while few deal with wear studies and friction tests at higher temperature [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]16,21,24,30,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44]49,52,[55][56][57]61,[66][67][68][69][70]. The wear mechanisms identified in tests carried out at ambient temperature and in humid air are abrasive wear and tribochemical reactions, resulting in third-body conditions; the constitution and microstructure of the nanocomposite thin films determine the predominant wear and friction scenario (dependent also on the tribosystem in general).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Study of a Magnetron-Sputtered TiC/a-C Nanocomposite Coating under Media-Lubricated Oscillating Sliding Conditions

Schneider

Ulrich

Patscheider³

et al. 2022

Coatings

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Friction and wear performance of non-reactively magnetron-sputtered hydrogen-free TiC/a-C coatings were characterized under lubricated oscillating sliding conditions against 100Cr6 steel. The friction mediators, isooctane, ethanol and distilled water, were chosen to address the actual trend of environmentally friendly green technologies in mobility and the potential use of carbon-based nanocomposite thin film materials for tribocomponents in contact with gasoline and alternative biofuels. Sliding pairs of the TiC/a-C coatings showed significantly reduced friction and wear compared to the reference materials under both unlubricated and lubricated conditions (when using the aforementioned media isooctane, ethanol and distilled water). Quasi-stationary friction coefficient of the TiC/a-C sliding pairs after running-in was almost independent of test conditions and could be traced back to self-lubrication as a result of the formation of a transfer layer on the steel counter body. Wear of the coatings based on micro-abrasion and tribochemical reaction was significantly influenced by the environmental conditions. Lowest wear was measured after tests in non-polar isooctane whereas highest wear was measured after tests in water.

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“…Despite the fact that transition metal nitrides (TMN) such as CrN, TiN and ZrN perform well (Huang et al , 2022; Chang et al , 2022), they have poor adhesion in some conditions. The transition carbonitrides are regarded as promising candidates for combining the benefits and properties of both TMC and TMN, while exhibiting high hardness by varying the N/C atomic ratio, accompanies with completely filling the bonding states between the nonmetal p orbits and the metal d orbital (Luo et al , 2020; Guo et al , 2018). Thus, it is worthwhile to controlling the N/C content within a certain value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of Ta(C, N) coatings deposited on TA15 substrates with different nitrogen partial pressure

Miao

Liang

et al. 2022

ILT

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to obtain the optimal N2/Ar ratio parameters for preparing Ta (C, N) coating. Three coatings with different N2/Ar ratios were prepared on the TA15 substrate, and their effects on the wear properties of the coatings were discussed. Design/methodology/approach Ta(C, N) coatings with three different N2/Ar ratios were prepared on TA15 substrates using the double cathode glow metallurgical plasma alloying technique (DGMPA) using a step-by-step diffusion method. Findings With the increase of N2/Ar flow ratio, the hardness and elastic modulus of the coating first increase and then decrease. Compared with the S1 sample (N2/Ar gas ratio 25: 75) and the S3 sample (N2/Ar gas ratio 75: 25), the S2 sample (N2/Ar gas ratio 50: 50) has better mechanical properties, with hardness increased by 48.45% and 6.8%, respectively, and elastic strain ratio increased by 22.8% and 28.5%, respectively. Moreover, the wear degree of the S2 sample is less than other samples. The wear rate of the S2 sample was 32.4% lower than the S3 sample at 300°C and 14.3% lower than the S3 sample at 500°C. Therefore, the S2 sample has the best mechanical properties and the best high temperature wear resistance. Originality/value Ta(C, N) coatings were prepared by DGMPA technology, and the wear mechanism of Ta(C, N) coatings with different N2/Ar ratios was investigated to reduce the wear rate.

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Structure, mechanical and tribological properties, and oxidation resistance of TaC/a-C:H films deposited by high power impulse magnetron sputtering

Cited by 18 publications

References 57 publications

Niobium Carbide and Tantalum Carbide as Nitrogen Reduction Electrocatalysts: Catalytic Activity, Carbophilicity, and the Importance of Intermediate Oxidation States

Niobium Carbide and Tantalum Carbide as Nitrogen Reduction Electrocatalysts: Catalytic Activity, Carbophilicity, and the Importance of Intermediate Oxidation States

Wear Study of a Magnetron-Sputtered TiC/a-C Nanocomposite Coating under Media-Lubricated Oscillating Sliding Conditions

Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of Ta(C, N) coatings deposited on TA15 substrates with different nitrogen partial pressure

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