Structure of Collagen

Ramachandran, G.; Kartha, G.

doi:10.1038/174269c0

Cited by 341 publications

(142 citation statements)

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“…Large variations in the magnitude of the charge exhibited across the surface of bone have been observed when a stress is applied 13 -in this regard, piezoelectricity may be a promising explanation for this phenomenon. However, the full piezoelectric tensors of tendon and bone have only been determined on the macroscale and while the crystal structure of collagen is known, 14 the tensor of collagen has only been inferred from macroscale measurements. 9,15 By their very nature, macroscopic piezoelectric measurements represent an ensemble of nanoscale responses making the identification of piezoelectric coefficients for individual collagen fibrils challenging.…”

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confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Tensor of Collagen Fibrils Determined at the Nanoscale

Denning

Kilpatrick

Fukada

et al. 2017

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Piezoelectric properties of rat tail tendons, sectioned at angles of 0, 59, and 90°relative to the plane orthogonal to the major axis, were measured using piezoresponse force microscopy. The piezoelectric tensor at the length scale of an individual fibril was determined from angle-dependent in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric measurements. The longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient for individual fibrils at the nanoscale was found to be roughly an order of magnitude greater than that reported for macroscopic measurements of tendon, the low response of which stems from the presence of oppositely oriented fibrils, as confirmed here.

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confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Tensor of Collagen Fibrils Determined at the Nanoscale

Denning

Kilpatrick

Fukada

et al. 2017

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…Hitherto, the 10/3 structure suggested in the 1950s by Ramachandran, and Rich and Crick [1][2][3][4] and the 7/2 structure suggested in the 1970s by Okuyama et al [5,6] have been the most studied motifs for collagen [7] and collagen-like peptides [8,9]. These two motifs belong to the same symmetry class: three left-handed helical polypeptide chains are supercoiled in a right-handed arrangement.…”

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First-principles structures for the close-packed and the 7/2 motif of collagen

Jalkanen

Olsen

Knapp-Mohammady

et al. 2012

EPL

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The recently proposed close-packed motif for collagen is investigated using first principles semi-empirical wave function theory and Kohn-Sham density functional theory. Under these refinements the close-packed motif is shown to be stable. For the case of the 7/2 motif a similar stability exists. The electronic circular dichroism of the close-packed model has a significant negative bias and a large signal. An interesting feature of the close-packed structure is the existence of a central channel. Simulations show that, if hydrogen atoms are placed in the cavity, a chain of molecular hydrogens is formed suggesting a possible biological function for molecular hydrogen. PACS 87.14.em Fibrils (amyloids, collagen, etc.) 87.15.ag Quantum calculations 87.15.M-Spectra of biomolecules

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“…109 The collagen that makes up most connective tissues aggregates to form fibers, and hence In the 1950s, biochemical assessment of the collagen molecule began with the Xray diffraction studies of the collagen molecule by Ramachandran, where collagen from shark ray, kangaroo-tail and rat-tail tendon was examined in both the dry and wet state. 113 Rat-tail tendon has since become the main model for collagen studies over the years. In 1955 Ramachandran and Crick simultaneously, but separately, published the structure of collagen in Nature.…”

Section: Collagen and Plastic Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Biomimetic Scaffolds Tailored for Cardiac Regeneration

Wickham¹

2015

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Linköping 2015Cover: Scanning Electron Microscopy image of a mesenchymal cell on polycaprolactone fibers.During the course of the research presented in this thesis, Abeni Wickham, was enrolled in Forum Scientium, a multidisciplinary graduate school at Linköping University. ColophonThis thesis is not only the summation of 5 years of research, but also a material manifestation of my happiness.It has not been straightforward and I have had numerous failures, disappointments and doubts. These have always been positive moments, as each difficult moment gave me the chance to choose a different path to still achieve my research goals.I have spent the past few years fighting for what I love the most; answering the questions that I ask myself every day. I have been lucky to have two supervisors, Daniel and Bo who pushed me to be better scientifically and family/friends who kept me grounded.During this work, I found who I really am; this thesis is a representation of me.ii Abstract Nature has had millions of years to perfect the structural components of the human body, but has also produced the dysfunctions that result in the cancers and diseases, which ruin that perfection. Congenital heart defects, and myocardial infarction lead to scarring that remodels heart muscle, decreasing the contractility of the heart, with profound consequences for the host. Regenerative medicine is the study of strategies to return diseased body parts to their evolutionarily optimum structure.Cells alone cannot develop into functional tissue, as they require mechanical support and chemical signals from the extracellular matrix in order to play the correct role in the body. In order to imitate the process of tissue formation optimized by nature, scaffolds are developed as the architectural support for tissue regeneration. To mimic the elasticity and strength seen in the heart muscle is one of the major scientific conundrums of our time. The development of new multifunctional materials for scaffolds is an accepted solution for repairing failing heart muscle. In this thesis I accept the notion that endogenous cardiac cells can play a major role in addressing this problem, if we can attract them to the site of defect or injury and make them proliferate. I then proceed to show how improving on a commonly used synthetic polymer was used to develop two new biomaterials.Polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers and sheets were studied for their ability to adsorb proteins based on their surface energies. We found that although the wettability of the PCL might be similar to positive controls for cell attachment, the large differences in surface energies may account for the increased serum protein adsorption and limit cell adhesion. The effect of fiber morphology was then investigated with respect to proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac progenitor cells. PCL was also mechanically enhanced with thiophene conjugated single walled carbon nanotubes (T-CNT); where small concentrations of the T-CNT allowed for a 2.5 fold increase in the percentage of elong...

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Structure of Collagen

Cited by 341 publications

References 3 publications

Piezoelectric Tensor of Collagen Fibrils Determined at the Nanoscale

Piezoelectric Tensor of Collagen Fibrils Determined at the Nanoscale

First-principles structures for the close-packed and the 7/2 motif of collagen

Multifunctional Biomimetic Scaffolds Tailored for Cardiac Regeneration

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