Structure of intestinal musculature

Gabella, Giorgio

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp060102

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Since small bundles of heterogeneous axons run in proximity to ICCs (e.g., Gabella, 1989; Mitsui and Komuro, 2002; Huizinga et al, 2008) and since we observed--in a recent ultrastructural study that included tracer-labeled IMAs--these bundles frequently contain only one or two IMA fibers and several axons unlabeled with dextran (Powley et al, 2008; also see Figures 4A and 5A), we evaluated a series of specimens in which IMAs were labeled with dextran, or ICCs were processed for c-Kit, and immunohistochemistry was used to identify CGRP+ neurites.…”

Section: 1 Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal intramuscular array afferents form complexes with interstitial cells of Cajal in gastrointestinal smooth muscle: analogues of muscle spindle organs?

Powley

Phillips

2011

Neuroscience

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Intramuscular arrays (IMAs), vagal mechanoreceptors that innervate gastrointestinal smooth muscle, have not been completely described structurally or functionally. To delineate more fully the architecture of IMAs and to consider the structure-function implications of the observations, the present experiment examined the organization of the IMA terminal arbors and the accessory tissue elements of those arbors. IMA terminal fields, labeled by injection of biotinylated dextran into the nodose ganglia, were examined in whole mounts of rat gastric smooth muscle double-labeled with immunohistochemistry for interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs; c-Kit) and/or inputs of different neuronal efferent transmitter (markers: TH, VChAT, and NOS) or afferent neuropeptidergic (CGRP) phenotypes. IMAs make extensive varicose and lamellar contacts with ICCs. In addition, axons of the multiple efferent and afferent phenotypes examined converge and articulate with IMA terminal arbors innervating ICCs. This architecture is consistent with the hypothesis that IMAs, or the multiply innervated IMA-ICC complexes they form, can function as stretch receptors. The tissue organization is also consonant with the proposal that those units can operate as functional analogues of muscle spindle organs. For electrophysiological assessments of IMA functions, experiments will need protocols that preserve both the complex architecture and the dynamic operations of IMA-ICC complexes.

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Section: 1 Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal intramuscular array afferents form complexes with interstitial cells of Cajal in gastrointestinal smooth muscle: analogues of muscle spindle organs?

Powley

Phillips

2011

Neuroscience

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“…It should be stressed that cell length is small by comparison with the muscle length, and no muscle cell spans the full length of the muscle. Cameron et al (1982) estimated the cell length at 800 ~tm and Suzuki et al (1976) reported a value of 1,000 gin, the highest in the literature, as opposed to an average of 500 gm for visceral muscle cells (Gabella 1988). In the guinea-pig, it must take two to three muscle cells joined end to end -and many more when they are joined sideto-side -to cover the length of the muscle.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Visceral Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The description of the results mentions only briefly those structural aspects that are common to visceral smooth muscles (see reviews by Bagby 1983 andGabella 1988) and concentrates on those that are characteristic of the trachea. The specific questions that prompted this work were: 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of the tracheal muscle in developing, adult and ageing guinea-pigs

Gabella

1991

Anat Embryol

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The musculature of the trachea of adult guinea-pigs is ultrastructurally similar to other visceral muscles. However, tracheal muscle cells have irregular outlines, large accumulations of glycogen, a small number of gap junctions, and many small elastic fibres and collagen fibrils (50 nm in diameter). Fibroblasts, mast cells, Schwann cells and axons are found within the muscle, but no interstitial cells. Capillaries run in the connective tissue septa. The tracheal muscle is well differentiated at the end of the fetal life. At this time, muscle cells have an appearance similar to that of a mature muscle. However, the cells are smaller, especially in length, and their orientation is less regular. There are no undifferentiated cells; a few muscle cells are seen in mitosis. There is a limited amount of stroma, mainly small collagen fibrils not exceeding 30 nm in diameter. Within the muscle there are many nerves, but no fibroblasts or mast cells. Many structural contacts link together the muscle cells, but there are no gap junctions. Gap junctions develop in the first few days after birth and are distinct in 5-day-old animals. In ageing guinea-pigs (30-36 months old) the muscle cells are slightly larger than in the young adult. They display deep invaginations of the cell membrane and a very irregular profile. There is an increase in the number of glycogen granule clusters, and the basal lamina is particularly prominent. The amount of stroma has increased, and is made of large elastic fibres and collagen fibrils up to 105 nm in diameter.

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“…Smooth muscle AJs (dense plaques) are known to be present at the plasma membrane, where they alternate with caveolin (16,42,50,60) and have been observed in a variety of tissues (16,17). While vinculin is a major constituent of AJs, it is not present in cytoplasmic dense bodies (21) but has been reported to be in equilibrium between cytosolic and cytoskeletal pools in chick embryo fibroblasts (38).…”

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confidence: 98%

Smooth muscle adherens junctions associated proteins are stable at the cell periphery during relaxation and activation

Eddinger¹,

Schiebout²,

Swartz³

2005

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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This study was performed to determine the stability of the adherens junction (AJ)-associated proteins at the smooth muscle cell (SMC) plasma membrane during relaxing and activating conditions. Dog stomach, ileum, colon, and trachea tissues were stored in Ca2+-free PSS or regular PSS or were activated in 10 muM carbachol in PSS before rapid freezing. The tissues were subsequently sectioned and immunoreacted using antibodies for vinculin, talin, fibronectin, and caveolin to determine their cellular distribution in these tissues under these conditions. In all four tissues and under all three conditions, the distribution of these four proteins remained localized to the periphery of the cell. In transverse tissue sections, the AJ-associated proteins formed a distinct punctate pattern around the periphery of the SMCs at the plasma membrane. These domains alternated with the caveolae (as identified by the presence of caveolin). In longitudinal tissue sections, the AJ-associated proteins formed continuous tracks or staves, while the caveolae remained punctate in this dimension as well. Caveolin is not present in the tapered ends of the SMCs, where the AJ-associated proteins appear continuous around the periphery. Densitometry of the fluorophore distribution of these proteins showed no shift in their localization from the SMC periphery when the tissues were relaxed or when they were activated before freezing. These results suggest that under physiologically relaxing and activating conditions, AJ-associated proteins remain stably localized at the plasma membrane.

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Structure of intestinal musculature

Cited by 10 publications

References 102 publications

Vagal intramuscular array afferents form complexes with interstitial cells of Cajal in gastrointestinal smooth muscle: analogues of muscle spindle organs?

Vagal intramuscular array afferents form complexes with interstitial cells of Cajal in gastrointestinal smooth muscle: analogues of muscle spindle organs?

Ultrastructure of the tracheal muscle in developing, adult and ageing guinea-pigs

Smooth muscle adherens junctions associated proteins are stable at the cell periphery during relaxation and activation

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