Structure of plasma‐deposited copolymer films prepared from acrylic acid and styrene: Part III sulfonation and electrochemical properties

Abstract

Bundesanstalt für Materialorschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87,

Graphene Oxide/Polyvinyl Alcohol–Formaldehyde Composite Loaded by Pb Ions: Structure and Electrochemical Performance

“…It seems to be logical that the enhanced conductivity is due to the presence of the Pb ions. Surprisingly, for temperatures above 181 °C, the σ DC decreases by approximately 2.3 orders of magnitude down to values observed for the PVF (see Figure 9 b) [ 56 ]. This indicates a further change in the underlying conduction mechanism and, therefore, in the structure of PVF/GO/Pb.…”

“…Starting from high frequencies, σ ′ decreases with decreasing frequency at high frequencies, obeying a power law until a plateau is reached at a characteristic frequency f c . f c characterizes the onset of the dispersion, while the plateau value is related to the DC conductivity [ 56 ].…”

From Basics to Frontiers: A Comprehensive Review of Plasma-Modified and Plasma-Synthesized Polymer Films

“…Methyl methacrylate [113]; styrene [262]; 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene) [263]; Vinyltriethoxysilane [264] Aromatic monomers Pyrrole [265]; Thiophene [266]; Aniline [267] Acrylate monomers 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorododecyl acrylate (PFDA) [268]; Dodecylacrylate (DOCA) [268]; Lauryl methacrylate (LMA) [269] Fluorinated monomers (Carbon-fluorine bonds)…”

“…Allylamine [66,276]; glycidyl methacrylate [242]; acrylic acid [262,277,278]; 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) [279] Non-monomers Metal-organic compounds -Metal alkoxides, e.g., titanium isopropoxide [250] for titanium dioxide polymerization or tetraethylorthosilicate for silicon dioxide deposition [280] -Metalorganic complexes, e.g., trimethylaluminum [281] for aluminum oxide thin films or ferrocene for nanostructured hematite thin films [282] Inorganic compounds -Metal halides, e.g., SiCl 4 [283] for silicon deposition -Metal hydrides, e.g., diborane [284] for boron depositions Organosilicon compounds -Trimethylsilyl acetate [127] -Silanes especially tetramethylsilane (TMS) [285], hexamethyldisilazane (HMDSN) [286] -Siloxanes especially hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) [287] and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS) [288] Large organic molecules or oligomers -Perfluorocarbon precursors, e.g., perfluorohexane (PFH, C 6 F 14 ) [289], perfluorodecalin (PFD, C 10 F 18 ) [290], perfluoroheptane (PFHp, C 7 F 16 ) [291] -Ethylene glycol [292], tetra(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether [293]; Diethylene glycol vinyl ether [294], Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether [295]; ε-caprolactone [295]; Perfluorodecyl acrylate [294] The products formed by reactions (1), ( 3), ( 4) and ( 5) can undergo the respective propagation reactions (1 ), ( 3), ( 4) and (5 ). While (2) would be a termination reaction in conventional polymerization, it can be self-sustained through the collisions with the free electrons from plasma, as represented by reaction (2 ).…”