The crystal structure of ZnO is wurtzite and the stacking sequence of atomic layers along the ''c'' axis is not symmetric. As a result, a ZnO crystal surface that is normal to the c axis exposes one of two distinct polar faces, with ͑0001͒ being considered the O face and ͑0001͒ the Zn face. Photoluminescence ͑PL͒ measurements on the two faces reveal a striking difference. Two transitions are observed in PL that are dominant from the O face and barely observed in PL from the Zn face. These lines are identified as phonon replicas of a particular D 0 ,X transition using energy separations, excitation dependence, and time-resolved PL measurements. In addition, PL emission from free excitons is found to be more intense from the O face than from the Zn face.