Structure of vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

We develop a three-dimensional analysis of the phase separation of two-species Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of vorticity within the Thomas-Fermi approximation. We find different segregation features according to whether the more repulsive component is in a vortex or in a vortex-free state. An application of this study is aimed at describing systems formed by two almost immiscible species of rubidium-87 that are commonly used in Bose-Einstein condensation experiments. In particular, in this work we calculate the density profiles of condensates for the same conditions as the states prepared in the experiments performed at JILA [Matthews et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2498 (1999)]Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Dynamics of rotating two-component Bose–Einstein condensates and its efficient computation

“…In our computations, we take d = 2 and R = 12 for Ω x in (3. [22,25,26]. The initial data in (2.10) is taken as the stationary square vortex lattices [26], which are computed by using the above parameters as well as λ = 0 and γ x, j = γ y, j = 1 ( j = 1, 2) in (2.9).…”

“…For non-rotating two-component BEC, Bao [4] presented a continuous normalized gradient flow (CNGF) with backward Euler finite difference discretization to compute ground state and a time-splitting sine-pseudospectral (TSSP) method to compute dynamics; Chang et al [11,12] proposed Gauss-Seidel-type methods for studying bound states and segregated nodal domains; Lin and Wei [32,33] analyzed the existence of ground states and spike solutions; Pérez-García et al [16] studied the stability and dynamics of quantized vortices; Riboli et al [40] and Jezek [25] classified different spatial patterns of the ground states; Chui et al [13] studied quantum phase separation dynamics, the effect of trap displacements and symmetric-asymmetric transition. For rotating twocomponent BEC, due to the appearance of the angular momentum rotation term and the external driving field, new difficulties are introduced mathematically and numerically.…”

Rotating multicomponent Bose–Einstein condensates

“…Riboli et al [35] and Jezek et al [22] classify different spatial patterns of the ground states; Chui et al [13] study quantum phase separation dynamics, the effect of trap displacements and symmetric-asymmetric transition. For solitary wave solutions of the form u j (x, t) = e iλj t ψ j (x)(j = 1, 2) and Ω = 0 of system (1.1), one investigates the phase separation phenomena [10,11,33,40,37].…”

Bose–Einstein Condensates with Non-classical Vortex

“…In the relativistic setting, related vortices confined by self-gravity have appeared in various studies and the angular momentum is specified [32,33,36]. Lin and Wei [24,25] analyzed the existence of ground states and spike solutions of two-component BEC; Lin and Zhang [26] studied the semiclassical limits of 2-mixture of BEC (1.1); Pérez-Gircía et al [17] studied the stability and dynamics of quantized vortices; Riboli et al [37] and Jezek [20] classified different spatial patterns of the ground states; Chui et al [13] studied quantum phase separation dynamics, the effect of trap displacements and symmetric-asymmetric transition. In the case U jj < 0, U 12 < 0, Liu [28] analyzed the structure of the vortex lines and the relationship between the term U 12 and the vortex lines.…”