“…A variety of strategies have been developed. The most widely studied strategies include: (i) using a highly thermal conductive polymeric matrix such as nylon, liquid crystal polymers, or ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]; (ii) using highly thermal conductive fillers such as graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), boron nitride (BN), and silver nanowires [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]; (iii) increasing filler concentration (volume fraction or mass fraction); (iv) dispersing thermal conductive fillers in a homogenous state [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]; (v) exfoliating two-dimensional (2D) thermal conductive fillers such as graphene and BN [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]; (vi) surface modification of thermal conductive fillers [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]; (vii) orientating thermal conductive fillers along one direction to promote the thermal conductivity in this direction [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]; (viii) making thermal conductive fillers into 3-dimensional (3D) porous structures which act as thermal conductive skeleton in the composites [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]; (ix) using two or more kinds of thermal conductive fillers or using one kind of filler with different sizes to obtain synergism; and (x) constructing thermal conductive pathways in the polymer matrix with templates [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. These strategies can be used alone, or in combination.…”