Struvite formation, control and recovery

Doyle, James; Parsons, Simon A.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00126-4

Cited by 789 publications

(509 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…(1), the ratio of Mg 2+ :NH 4 + -N: PO 4 3 -P is 1:1:1; in practice, struvite crystallization was better when the ratio of Mg:P was 1-2.5, and the N:P ratio was > 1 (Jaffer et al, 2002). The purity of the struvite increased with higher NH 4 + concentration remaining after crystallization (Doyle and Parsons, 2002). The Mg 2+ :NH 4 + -N: PO 4 3 -P ratio was 1.2:2.9:1 in the supernatant after sludge was pretreated with MW-H 2 O 2 (Fig.…”

Section: Release Of Nitrogen Phosphorus Calcium and Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purity of struvite was improved by increasing the concentration of NH 4 + remaining after crystallization (Doyle and Parsons, 2002). Therefore, the ratio of Mg:P was set at '2' by adding 0.05 mol MgCl 2 solution, and maintaining the reaction solution at pH 9.7 ± 0.2.…”

Section: Struvite Crystallizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main factors governing struvite crystallization are the initial reaction parameters (e.g., pH, ionic strength, ionic ratio) (Doyle and Parsons, 2002), and the operating parameters (e.g., initial temperature, reaction time, stirring intensity) (Stratful et al, 2001). Although many methods (e.g., mechanical, heat, chemical, and hybrid technologies) have been applied to rupture sludge particles and recover phosphorus (Bi et al, 2014), few studies have considered the effect of organic matter on this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of organic matter on phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge subjected to microwave hybrid pretreatment

Wang

Xiao

Zhong

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Section: Release Of Nitrogen Phosphorus Calcium and Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Struvite Crystallizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of organic matter on phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge subjected to microwave hybrid pretreatment

Wang

Xiao

Zhong

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…The course of the process and its results are affected by many process variables (e.g., feed solution composition, component concentrations) (Doyle and Parsons, 2002;Le Corre et al, 2009;Kozik et al, 2013;Hutnik et al, 2013a;Karabegovic et al, 2013;Rahman et al, 2014), technological aspects (e.g., pH, mean residence time of the suspension in the crystallizer, molar ratio of substrates) (Parsons, 2001;Matynia et al, 2006;Le Corre et al, 2007a;Kozik et al, 2014a) and even constructional parameters (e.g. mixing and/or circulation method, mixing intensity and efficiency) (Ali and Schneider, 2006;Bhuiyan et al, 2008;Le Corre et al, 2009;Marti et al, 2010;Mazienczuk et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Continuous Crystallizer Performance on Struvite Crystals Produced in Reaction Crystallization From Solutions Containing Phosphate(v) and Zinc(ii) Ions

Hutnik

Wierzbowska

Piotrowski

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-Continuous reaction crystallization of struvite from aqueous solutions containing phosphate(V) (1.0 mass %) and zinc(II) ions (from 0.1 to 2.0 mg kg -1 ) in a continuous DT MSMPR crystallizer was investigated. The influence of pH (9 -11) and mean residence time (900 -3600 s) on the product characteristics and its chemical composition was tested. Struvite crystals of mean size 22-41 m were produced. An increase in Zn 2+ concentration decreased the mean crystal size and homogeneity. An elevation of the pH also decreased the struvite crystal size. Augmenting the mean residence time influenced product quality advantageously. Coexistence of struvite and Zn(OH) 2 in the product was confirmed analytically.

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“…Struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 · 6H 2 O, MAP) precipitates in ambient temperature from supersaturated aqueous solutions of magnesium phosphate(V) in presence of ammonium ions, within pH 7-11 (solubility product pK sp = 9.0 -13.26) [1]. Process course and results are mainly influenced by: pH, working supersaturation in mother solution, temperature, presence of impurities, mixing intensity and crystallizer construction [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Struvite from Phosphorus Mineral Fertilizer Industry Wastewater in Continuous Jet Pump Crystallizer

Hutnik¹,

Kozik²,

Mazieńczuk³

et al. 2016

IJCEA

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type crystallizer with internal circulation of suspension driven by jet pump fed with compressed air was used. Effect of pH and mean residence time of suspension in a crystallizer on the product crystals quality was determined. Product crystals of mean size from ca. 23 to ca. 40 m were manufactured. The largest struvite crystals, of acceptable homogeneity, were produced at 20% excess of magnesium ions, pH 9 and for mean residence time elongated up to 3600 s. Concentration of phosphate(V) ions decreased from 0.445 mass % in a feed to 9.0•10 -4 mass % in a postprocessed mother liquor. In a product, besides main component -struvite, also amorphous calcium phosphate(V) (ACP) was detected, accompanied with hydroxides of some metal impurities present in wastewater.Index Terms-Struvite, industrial wastewater, continuous reaction crystallization, continuous DTM crystallizer, jet pump, compressed air, product quality, phosphorus recycling. I. INTRODUCTIONStruvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 · 6H 2 O, MAP) precipitates in ambient temperature from supersaturated aqueous solutions of magnesium phosphate(V) in presence of ammonium ions, within pH 7-11 (solubility product pK sp = 9.0 -13.26) [1]. Process course and results are mainly influenced by: pH, working supersaturation in mother solution, temperature, presence of impurities, mixing intensity and crystallizer construction [2]. In modern processes of phosphorus recycling struvite production results from contacting magnesium and ammonium ions (e.g. aqueous solution of magnesium chloride and some ammonium salt) with  Manuscript received March 27, 2015; revised May 24, 2015. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland within a frame of statutory activity grant realized in Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology.N. Hutnik, A. Kozik, A. Mazienczuk, and A. Matynia are with Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland (e-mail: nina.hutnik@pwr.edu.pl, anna.kozik@pwr.edu.pl, agata.mazienczuk@pwr. edu.pl, andrzej.matynia@pwr.edu.pl).K. Piotrowski is with Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland (e-mail: krzysztof.piotrowski@polsl.pl).preliminary purified municipal, industrial or agricultural (liquid manure) wastewaters containing phosphate(V) ions. Process runs under precisely determined and controlled hydrodynamic conditions, inside an appropriately designed crystallizer [3]. Besides crucial for environmental protection effect of wastewater purification (eutrophisation prevention), separated crystal product is regarded as an important, secondary phosphorus source. Recovered struvite can be further conversed or used directly as mineral fertilizer for agriculture [3], [4].Efficiencies of struvite nucleation and mass crystallization processes are strongly dependent on crystallizer, including: appropriate construction [5], spatial arrangement of reagent inlet places [6] and proper selection of its continuous work parameters [7], [8]. In most DTM (Draft...

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Struvite formation, control and recovery

Cited by 789 publications

References 70 publications

Effect of organic matter on phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge subjected to microwave hybrid pretreatment

Effect of organic matter on phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge subjected to microwave hybrid pretreatment

Effect of Continuous Crystallizer Performance on Struvite Crystals Produced in Reaction Crystallization From Solutions Containing Phosphate(v) and Zinc(ii) Ions

Recovery of Struvite from Phosphorus Mineral Fertilizer Industry Wastewater in Continuous Jet Pump Crystallizer

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