Strychnos pseudoquina modulates the morphological reorganization of the scar tissue of second intention cutaneous wounds in rats

Abstract

Natural substances are used in folk medicines to treat injuries. Strychnos pseudoquina has scarring, antipyretic, and antimalarial actions. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of S. pseudoquina on cutaneous wound healing in rats. The S. pseudoquina extract was submitted to phytochemical prospection. The levels of flavonoids and total phenolic compounds in the extract were 50.7 mg/g and 2.59 mg/g, respectively. Thirty Wistar rats were individualized in cages with food and water ad libitum (registration no. 730/2014). After anesthesia, three circular wounds (12mm diameter) were made in the animals, which were randomly separated into five treatments: Sal, saline; VO, ointment vehicles (lanolin and Vaseline); SS, positive control (silver sulfadiazine 1%); LE 5, freeze-dried extract 5%; and LE 10, lyophilized extract 10%. The animals were treated with the ointment daily for 21 days. Every seven days, the area and the rate of wound contraction were evaluated. Tissue samples were removed for histopathological analysis of the number of mast cells, elastic and collagen fibers, and biochemical analyses, quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonylated proteins (PCN), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The number of mast cells, collagen and elastic fibers in the rat wounds were higher in the treatments with the plant. The extract also stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes, particularly SOD, presenting high levels, and maintained low levels of PCN. The TGF-β and IL-10 concentration was higher in the LE5 and LE10 treatment of the extract than in the Sal, OV and SS treatments on day 7. The ointment based on S. pseudoquina closed the wound faster and accelerated wound healing in animals.

Using the plants of Brazilian Cerrado for wound healing: From traditional use to scientific approach

“…increasing the cellular and vascular proliferation of the injured region (Silva et al, 2005). Unlike the ethnobotanical use described earlier, Sarandy et al, (2018) show that 5% and 10% S. pseudoquine extract acts at important stages of skin healing.…”

Toxicity of Bioactive Compounds of Strychnos pseudoquina (Loganiaceae) in Spodoptera frugiperda (Noctuidae)

“…The low consumption of maize leaves treated with the crude bark extract of S. pseudoquina by larvae was probably due to the presence of phagodeterrent tannins (predominant), alkaloids, and even the different flavonoids. These secondary metabolites are commonly found in S. pseudoquina barks [26]. According to Taiz and Zeiger and El-Aswad et al [36,37], tannins are phenolic compounds with defense properties produced by plants that are potentially toxic and have antifeedant action for many herbivores.…”

“…Phytochemical characteristics and pharmacological properties of S. pseudoquina have been relatively well studied [23][24][25][26][27][28][29], although the use of these plants is still primarily based on folk medicine, and, to date, there are no published studies reporting the insecticidal potential of Strychnos species.…”

Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Anacardium occidentale L. and Anacardium microcarpum D. Extracts on the Liver of IL‐10 Knockout Mice

“…For the liver to perform detoxification of the body, important enzymes must maintain the organ's redox balance. The reduction in oxidative markers and increase in antioxidant enzymes typically indicate the potential for the drag of the free radicals produced in the process of changing the oxidative/antioxidative balance and have been widely used in the study of plant extracts [ 21 , 22 ]. The discovery and use of new molecules that can reduce the inflammatory and oxidative process are fundamental since the current nonsteroidal drugs can cause side effects, for that the secondary metabolites of vegetables, especially the phenolic ones, are important allies [ 17 , 18 ].…”