“…Moreover, various assignment formats—that is, flash cards and study guides—are empirically supported strategies that help students build fluency with material and improve efficiency in studying, respectively (Tincani, 2004 ). In a recent study, Jopp and Cohen ( 2020 ) identified only four studies (Arendt, Trego, & Allred, 2016 ; Cook, 2001 ; Hanewicz, Platt, & Arendt, 2017 ; Rideout, 2017 ) in which students were given a choice of assignments and, in all of these studies, choice was associated with a positive outcome (e.g., increased engagement and exam scores). However, in these studies, the arrangement of procedures in order to offer choice resulted in complex point systems (e.g., Rideout, 2017 ), a large number of assignment choices (e.g., 59 in Arendt et al, 2016 ), or a vast number of different due dates (e.g., Arendt et al, 2016 ).…”