Studentsʼ psychosocial characteristics as predictors of academic performance in medical school

Hojat, Mohammadreza; Robeson, Mary; Damjanov, Ivan; Veloski, J. Jon; Glaser, Karen; Gonnella, Joseph S.

doi:10.1097/00001888-199308000-00015

Cited by 91 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…An assessment by psychosocial questionnaires has been reported to predict basic sciences grades, clinical sciences grades and clinical clerkships ratings (Hojat 1993). Personal statements, essays and autobiographical letters have been reported to predict performance in medical school (Eva et al 2004), a future choice of career in family medicine (Hull et al 1996) and ranking for admission for Internal Medicine residency and OSCE scores at the end of the pre-clinical studies (Peskun et al 2007).…”

Section: Selection Of Applicants For Medical School 511mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties in the selection of applicants for medical school

Benbassat

Baumal

2007

Adv in Health Sci Educ

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Decisions about admissions to medical school are based on assessments of the applicants' cognitive achievements and non-cognitive traits. Admission criteria are expected to be fair, transparent, evidence-based and legally defensible. However, unlike cognitive criteria, which are highly reliable and moderately valid, the reliability and validity of the non-cognitive criteria are low or uncertain. Their uncertain predictive value is due not only to their limited validity, but also to the unknown prevalence of the desirable non-cognitive traits in the applicants' pool. Consequently, the use of non-cognitive admission criteria inevitably leads to rejection of an unknown proportion of applicants who have a desirable trait and selection of applicants who lack this trait. We propose that, rather than using non-cognitive admission criteria, admission officers should assist prospective applicants to make informed decisions based on a reflective self-appraisal whether or not to apply to medical school. To this end, medical schools should disseminate information on the strains of medical training and practice, the frequency of medical errors and the most common causes of dissatisfaction and burn-out among practicing physicians. Such information may improve the self-selection process and thereby enrich the applicants' pool for individuals with appropriate motivation. The final selection of medical students may then be based either on past academic achievements, or on a lottery, or on various combinations thereof.

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Section: Selection Of Applicants For Medical School 511mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties in the selection of applicants for medical school

Benbassat

Baumal

2007

Adv in Health Sci Educ

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“…A depressão causa grande sofrimento psíquico e diminuição no rendimento acadêmico, com impacto na vida profissional futura dos estudantes de medicina (Hojat et al, 1993). No entanto, há necessidade de mais explorações para se avaliar o real impacto na vida acadêmica e futura do médico (Dyrbye, Thomas, & Shanafelt, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Antecedente de Ansiedade, Síndrome do Pânico ou Depressão e Análise do Impacto na Qualidade de Vida em Estudantes de Medicina

Serinolli

Oliva²,

El-Mafarjeh

2015

RGSS

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Alta competição por resultados, muitas horas de estudo, carga horária acadêmica elevada, entre outros motivos, são apontadas como causa do elevado índice de ansiedade, pânico e depressão nos estudantes de Medicina. Avalia-se o impacto do histórico diagnosticado pelo médico dessas patologias na qualidade de vida dos estudantes de Medicina por meio de pesquisa transversal com aplicação do questionário da Organização Mundial da Saúde para avaliação da qualidade de vida -formato curto (WHOQOL-BREF), acrescido de um questionário com perguntas relacionadas a histórico de ansiedade, síndrome do pânico ou depressão anterior, religião e onde residem seus familiares em 405 alunos de Medicina da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Nos resultados, os alunos com histórico prévio de ansiedade, pânico ou depressão (34,57%) obtiveram pior índice de qualidade de vida demonstrado nos domínios físico, psicológico, relação social e ambiental, quando comparados ao grupo sem histórico prévio de depressão (p < 0,005). Alunos que relatam ter religião têm melhor qualidade de vida, com índices superiores no domínio psicológico (p < 0,005). Estudantes cujas famílias residem em outras cidades têm histórico mais elevado de ansiedade, síndrome do pânico ou depressão (teste exato de Fisher = 0.014). Conclusão: neste trabalho, história de ansiedade, pânico ou depressão e alunos sem religião apresentam piores índices de qualidade de vida e devem ser monitorados por programas especiais para melhorar o bem-estar, com ênfase para os alunos provenientes de outras cidades.Palavras-chave: qualidade de vida; estudantes de medicina; estresse; ansiedade; pânico; depressão; qualidade; religião; formação médica. HISTORY OF ANXIETY, PANIC ATTACKS OR DEPRESSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN MEDICAL STUDENTS. ABSTRACTHigh competition for results, too many study hours, courses with a huge hours total, among other reasons, are pointed out as causes for the high rate of anxiety and depression in medical students. This work aims to evaluate the impact of previous doctor-diagnosed history of anxiety, panic syndrome or depression on quality of life of medical students and religion through a cross-section study with application of the World Health Organization questionnaire to assess quality of life in its short format (WHOQOL-BREF), plus a questionnaire with questions related to the history of previous anxiety, panic syndrome or depression, religion and where their families reside in 405 medical students from São Paulo, Brazil. The results showed that students with prior history of anxiety, panic syndrome or depression diagnosed by doctors (34.57%) had lower quality of life, an index demonstrated in the four domains: physical, psychological, social and environmental, when compared to the group without prior history of depression (p <0.005). Students who have religion have better quality of life with higher rates in the psychological domain (p <0.005). Students whose families live in other cities have a higher history of depression (Fisher exact test = ...

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“…Some studies reported significant relationship between medical students' personality and academic performance (Leivens et al, 2002;Hoschl & Kozeny, 1997;Meredith et al, 1982), while others did not find such a link (Aldrich, 1987;Green et al, 1992). Yet, other studies indicate that personality attributes significantly predict academic success in medical school beyond measures of acquired knowledge (Hojat et al, 1993;1988). Similarly, higher ratings of postgraduate clinical competence, made by residency program directors, have been found to be associated with lower anxiety, emotionality, loneliness, positive perception of the mother, and to perception of relationships with peers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Students' personality and ratings of clinical competence in medical school clerkships: a longitudinal study

Hojat¹,

Callahan²,

Gonnella³

2004

Psychology, Health & Medicine

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This study was designed to examine the associations between students' personality and assessments of their clinical competence in medical school. A set of questionnaires was completed by 1710 medical students to measure their self-esteem, sociability, loneliness, general anxiety, test anxiety, neuroticism (emotionality), perceptions of early relationships with parents, and general health. Students were divided into three groups of the low, moderate, and high competent based on the number of 'Honours' ratings they received in core clinical clerkships during the third year of medical school. Multivariate statistical analyses showed that the low competent students scored significantly lower on the self-esteem and sociability, but higher on the loneliness scale. The low competent students also perceived their early relationships with their parents as less satisfactory. Findings suggest that medical students' clinical competence assessments are associated with some aspects of their personality and with perceptions of early relationships with their parents. Findings have implications for the development of educational remedies and counseling strategies.

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Studentsʼ psychosocial characteristics as predictors of academic performance in medical school

Cited by 91 publications

References 0 publications

Uncertainties in the selection of applicants for medical school

Uncertainties in the selection of applicants for medical school

Antecedente de Ansiedade, Síndrome do Pânico ou Depressão e Análise do Impacto na Qualidade de Vida em Estudantes de Medicina

Students' personality and ratings of clinical competence in medical school clerkships: a longitudinal study

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