Studies Directed Toward the use of Antibodies as Carriers of Radioactivity for Therapy

Isotopes in Immunology

“…Bale and Spar (10) record that a Seitz-filtered 3% solution of a labelled protein, on further 10000-fold dilution, was almost com pletely lost when refiltcred through a second Seitz filter. Such dilute solutions are obviously not safe to handle unless carrier protein is added.…”

“…The rate of localisation of anti kidney antibodies is also too high to be accounted for by localisation from the extravascular circulation (114), and although analysis of the rate curve appears to indicate two simultaneous localisation processes occurring at different rates (21), both of these appear to be due to localisation in the vascular bed. In the case of tumour bearing animals also, Bale and Spar (10) have shown that the rate of penetration of tumour extravascular space by y-globulins is relatively slow.…”

Can radioimmunotherapy promote from an orphan drug to daily clinical practice?

“…The concept of using radiolabelled antibodies to deliver radiation specifically to cells expressing specific antigens has a longstanding history in preclinical nuclear medicine research [1][2][3]. Several approaches were used as long ago as some 50 years to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect in different xenograft models [2,3].…”

“…Several approaches were used as long ago as some 50 years to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect in different xenograft models [2,3]. Promising results were shown in different tumour cell lines in vitro and in vivo [4][5][6][7].…”

Novel radiolabeled antibody conjugates

“…The use of antibodies to target and treat cancers predates hybridoma-generated monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), starting with the pioneering studies in the 1950s and 1960s that showed radiolabeled immunoglobulins to normal tissue and to undefined tumor antigens could specifically localize in their respective target tissue as compared to other tissues (Pressman and Korngold, 1953;Korngold and Pressman, 1954;Bale and Spar, 1957;Bale et al 1960;McCardle et al, 1966). Immune sera raised in various animal hosts against defined human tumor-associated antigens, such as a-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), were then used in the mid-1970s to illustrate the potential for cancer detection by external scintigraphy, a technique termed immunoscintigraphy or radioimmunodetection, first in animal-human tumor xenograft models and then clinically (Goldenberg et al, 1974(Goldenberg et al, , 1978.…”