Studies in aging of the brain

Cook, Robert H.; Ward, Benjamin D.; Austin, James H.

doi:10.1212/wnl.29.10.1402

Cited by 117 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…During this period AD was studied and its lesions characterized by investigators using traditional clinical [2,3] genetic [4][5][6][7] neurohistochemical [8,9] and ultrastructural [10] approaches, with almost nothing being known about its etiology or pathogenesis beyond some indications that AD was associated with damage to cholinergic pathways [11,12]. It was not until the mid 1980s that it became clear that most cases of senile dementia (i.e.…”

Section: Introduction / Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Untangling the role of tau in Alzheimer’s disease: A unifying hypothesis

Bhatia

Hall

2013

Translational Neuroscience

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Recent investigations into the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the past few years have expanded to include previously unexplored and/or disconnected aspects of AD and related conditions at both the cellular and systemic levels of organization. These include how AD-associated abnormalities affect the cell cycle and neuronal differentiation state and how they recruit signal transduction, membrane trafficking and protein transcytosis mechanisms to produce a neurotoxic syndrome capable of spreading itself throughout the brain. The recent expansion of AD research into intercellular and new aspects of cellular degenerative mechanisms is causing a systemic re-evaluation of AD pathogenesis, including the roles played by well-studied elements, such as the generation of Aβ and tau protein aggregates. It is also changing our view of neurodegenerative diseases as a whole. Here we propose a conceptual framework to account for some of the emerging aspects of the role of tau in AD pathogenesis.

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Section: Introduction / Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Untangling the role of tau in Alzheimer’s disease: A unifying hypothesis

Bhatia

Hall

2013

Translational Neuroscience

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“…Family studies show an increased risk of the disease in first-degree relatives [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In some families, AD occurs in a pattern consistent with the effects of an autosomaldominant gene [9][10][11][12]. Other studies have revealed an increased frequency of Down's syndrome in the families of subjects with AD [4,7] although this is not a consistent finding [3,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Age and Alzheimer's Disease

Clarnette¹,

Molloy²,

McIlroy³

et al. 1992

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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The pathogenesis of Alzheimer''s disease (AD) is contributed to by genetic factors, but the mechanism is unknown. Because of the pathological similarities between AD and Down''s syndrome, it has been suggested that increased maternal age may influence the transmission of AD. Studies which have examined maternal age in AD subjects have shown inconsistent results. We performed a case-control study using data from 214 persons referred to a Memory Clinic. The parental age of 64 patients with probable AD was compared to that of 78 patients with possible AD, 72 with other diagnoses and spouses. Although there was a trend towards higher maternal age in those with probable AD, the differences were not significant. A review of the literature reveals difficulties with case-control methodology and variability in case definition and control collection. We conclude that determining whether maternal age is increased in subjects with AD may not be possible using case-control methodology.

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“…Many families have been described in which cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) tend to aggregate [9]. With an aging popula tion in the Western World in whom the risk of AD is the highest, and with increased awareness about AD in the general popula tion, family members of a case of AD are frequently asking their physicians about their own risk of getting AD.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Although the aggregation of cases of Alz heimer's disease within families has been frequently documented, the majority of cases of AD do not have any other family members affected by the disease [7,9,15,16,30] This question will be addressed by sum marizing different types of data dealing with this topic.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inheritance of Alzheimer's Disease: Epidemiologic Evidence

Chandra

Schoenberg²

1989

Neuroepidemiology

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The available evidence suggests that there may be two subtypes of AD – inherited and noninherited. Inherited AD may have certain characteristics, e.g. younger age at onset and some clinical signs or symptoms, which distinguish them from noninherited cases. It is possible that the noninherited type of AD may also have a similar genetic defect as the inherited kind, the only difference being that in one case the defect is inherited from the parents and in the other the defect arises de novo during embryogenesis. An environmental factor operating during embryogenesis may be responsible for causing a genetic defect which later manifests as noninherited AD. Currently, however, there is no precise way to separate these two subtypes. The exact proportion of all cases of AD which are inherited on a genetic basis is not known, but it must be small. The mode of inheritance of genetic AD is not known. It must be emphasized that the subtypes of inherited and noninherited AD are not synonymous with the older categorization of AD into presenile and senile AD.

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Studies in aging of the brain

Cited by 117 publications

References 0 publications

Untangling the role of tau in Alzheimer’s disease: A unifying hypothesis

Untangling the role of tau in Alzheimer’s disease: A unifying hypothesis

Maternal Age and Alzheimer's Disease

Inheritance of Alzheimer's Disease: Epidemiologic Evidence

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