“…Frampton restated the four elements of architecture that Semper had proposed as quintessential historical elements of architecture, defining them thus: (i) earthwork, (ii) the hearth, (iii) framework/roof, and (iv) lightweight enclosing membrane. 10 Moreover, Frampton maintained Semper's classification of dividing 'the building crafts into two fundamental procedures: the tectonics of the frame, in which lightweight, linear components are assembled so as to encompass a spatial matrix, and the stereotomics of the earthworks, wherein mass and volume are conjointly formed through the repetitious piling of heavy mass elements'. 11 Evidently, the proportioning between these procedures and elements was entirely dependent on, and attuned to, local conditions, as both Semper and Frampton pointed out.…”