Studies of aqueous colloidal solutions of fullerene C60 by electron microscopy

Andrievsky, G. V.; Klochkov, Vladimir K.; Karyakina, É. L.; Mchedlov‐Petrossyan, Nikolay O.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2614(98)01393-1

Cited by 143 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The dimensions [12] of the clusters of AFE were those expected for typical colloidal particles (diameter about 120 nm) characterized by fractal [20] structures. A preliminary analysis shows that compounds FD1- 5 5 up to a concentration of 2 × 10 -5 m can be prepared from a stock THF solution by successive additions of water, followed by evaporation of THF till the complete removal of the organic solvent, according to a previously described protocol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

The Associative Properties of Some Amphiphilic Fullerene Derivatives

et al. 2005

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

The Associative Properties of Some Amphiphilic Fullerene Derivatives

et al. 2005

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“…Given that these values are relatively high, it is not surprising that carbon nanotubes form aggregates of much larger dimensions than the individual nanoparticles. Several approaches have been reported for producing aqueous suspensions of nC 60 ~20-200 nm in diam without stabilizing agents or apparent functionalization (54)(55)(56)(57)(58). The structure and charge characteristics of the nC 60 aggregates have been found to vary considerably as a function of the method used to produce them (59).…”

Section: Wall Ace Ambrosementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Risks of Manufactured Nanomaterials

Wiesner¹,

Lowry²,

Alvarez³

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

1,048

633

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“…The latter can be dispersed in water (> 2 mm) [21] by transfer from an organic solvent using sonication without required stabilizers or chemical modification. [22] The hydration of any of these guest molecules is not known experimentally.…”

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Calculation of Clathrate‐Like Water Clusters Including H₂O‐Buckminsterfullerene

Ludwig

Appelhagen

2005

Angew Chem Int Ed

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The concept of buckminsterfullerene-like topology as a molecular-level structural motif has a long history in water cluster chemistry.[1] While carbon-based analogues have a well-established experimental foundation, "bucky-water" clusters remain largely conjectural species in the theoretical descriptions of pure water. Fullerene-like topologies are distinguished by the pattern of tricoordinate vertices in pentagonal and hexagonal facets that close to a convex polyhedron in three dimensions. They require exactly 12 pentagons and any number n hex of hexagons to form a polyhedron of 2n hex + 20 vertices. While pentagonal and hexagonal facets are well-known structural elements of all known crystalline forms of ice, [2] the intact Bucky-water polyhedra are principally recognized as elements in certain clathrate-type hydrates, such as the pentagonal dodecahedral (H 2 O) 20 (n hex = 0) and tetrakaidecahedral (H 2 O) 24 units (n hex = 2) of chlorine hydrate. [3] Today, gas hydrates are among the most well-known clathrate structures. These nonstoichiometric, crystalline compounds are found in natural-gas pipelines, on the ocean floor, and in permafrost environments, [4,5] deep ice cores, [6] rock inclusions, [7] comets, and certain outer planets. [8] There are three known types of natural-gas hydrates: the two cubic structures I and II, [9] and a hexagonal structure H.[ Recently, we extended a quantum statistical model of liquid water to include larger ice-like clusters, such as tetrahedral and fullerene-like clusters with up to 26 water molecules.[11] A low-energy tetrakaidecahedral (H 2 O) 24 cluster leads to a new low-temperature phase that bounds both liquid and vapor regions in first-order transition lines and gives rise to a true triple point. We characterized the microstructural composition and macroscopic properties of this "Bucky-ice" phase. Although it differs significantly from physical ice I h (for example, the melting point is 20 K too high and the molar volume is 5 % too low), it manifests qualitatively correct thermodynamic features of true ice polymorphs, which suggests an important role of voluminous clusters in the liquid/solid transition region. Thus understanding the structure and stability of such water clusters is of crucial importance for studying clathrate hydrates and hydration phenomena.The aim of this work is to investigate properties of larger water clusters including up to 60 water molecules. Some key questions will be addressed: Which of the calculated water clusters present minimum structures? How important are cooperative effects with increasing cluster size? Can hydrophobic guest molecules promote structure formation? Are larger clathrate structures than those known experimentally reasonable based on energetic considerations?The calculated bucky-water clusters having between 20 and 60 water molecules are shown in Figure 1. The variety of water cage structures comprises the dodecahedral (H 2 O) 20 cluster (n hex = 0), the tetrakaidecahedral (H 2 O) 24 cluster (n hex = 2), the hexakaidecahed...

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Studies of aqueous colloidal solutions of fullerene C60 by electron microscopy

Cited by 143 publications

References 13 publications

The Associative Properties of Some Amphiphilic Fullerene Derivatives

The Associative Properties of Some Amphiphilic Fullerene Derivatives

Assessing the Risks of Manufactured Nanomaterials

Calculation of Clathrate‐Like Water Clusters Including H₂O‐Buckminsterfullerene

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Studies of aqueous colloidal solutions of fullerene C60 by electron microscopy

Cited by 143 publications

References 13 publications

The Associative Properties of Some Amphiphilic Fullerene Derivatives

The Associative Properties of Some Amphiphilic Fullerene Derivatives

Assessing the Risks of Manufactured Nanomaterials

Calculation of Clathrate‐Like Water Clusters Including H2O‐Buckminsterfullerene

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Calculation of Clathrate‐Like Water Clusters Including H₂O‐Buckminsterfullerene