Studies of Aqueous Resins. I. Water-Dispersed Polyesters Containing Polar Groups

Abstract

Water-borne polyesters which can provide a flexible film having a high resistance to water have been designed. Such hydrophobic polyesters can be dispersed into water by introducing small amounts of hydrophilic groups. When a few mol% of sodium 5-sulfonatoisophthalic acid is used as a hydrophilic group and some water-soluble organic compounds, such as 2-butoxyethanol, are used as additives, stable aqueous dispersions of polyester resins are obtained, having a fine particle size under 1.0 μm.

Catastrophic phase inversion in region II of an ionomeric polymer–water system

“…These modified polymers can readily be dispersed into water under low shear stress with little or no external emulsifiers. Examples of polymer latices produced in this way include hydrophilically modified epoxy resins [4], water-borne polyesters [6], and polyurethane ionomers dispersions [7].…”

Multi-scale modeling and synthesis of polyester ionomers

“…Electrostatic interactions. The main drawback of the soft interaction potential in eqn (11) is that it permits overlaps between charged beads, which may induce artificially strong ion pairing and cause a divergence in electrostatic potential. To circumvent this problem, Groot 38 coupled all beads to the local electrostatic field with the long-range part of the potential solved separately on the optimized grid.…”

“…8 In their study of water-borne polyesters Kotera and Takahashi 11 confirmed the importance of hydrophilic groups in the polymer backbone to the onset of dispersion. Depending on the type of cosolvents used, the resin concentration, and the content of the SO 3 Na groups, Kotera and Takahashi 11 reported the mean particle sizes to be in the 5-75 nm range. The introduction of trace amounts of water in a low dielectric medium prolongs the counterion relaxation times, hinders the formation of ionic multiplets, and triggers the microphase separation.…”

Water Dispersible Sulfo-Polyester Resins with Controlled Nano-Sized Particles

“…7 The main hydrophilic component of the polyester resin is the alkali 5-sulfo-3,5-isophathalate moiety, and depending on its concentration, can render the resin from fully soluble in water or as colloids ranging from nano to micro size dispersions. 8 The most common alkali is the monovalent sodium, potassium, or lithium ion, but the divalent magnesium (Mg 2+ ), zinc (Zn 2+ ), calcium (Ca 2+ ) or multivalent iron (Fe 3+ ) can also be utilized to obtain larger sized dispersions. The term "waterborne" is often used interchangeably with other descriptors such as water-dissipatable, -dispersible ordispellable.…”