Studies of contents of norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in brain—I. Normal and cold exposure

Aly, Mona Sharkawy; Mohamed, Mohamed Ismail; Rahman, Taghride Abdel; Moustafa, Somaya

doi:10.1016/0742-8413(85)90223-3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Exposure to cold stress triggers a reduction in the serotonin levels in most regions of the brain in male rats (Toh, 1960;Aly et al, 1985;Hata et al, 1991) and the serotonergic system is thought to be implicated in the modulation of anxiety (Graeff et al, 1996;Voigt et al, 1999;Holsboer, 2000;Millan, 2003). In this regard, it has been reported that reduced stressinduced hippocampal 5-HT release is observed in rats that display high levels of anxiety (Keck et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cold Stress on Neurobehavioral and Physiological Parameters in Rats

et al. 2021

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Objective: Cold stress is an important current issue and implementing control strategies to limit its sometimes harmful effects is crucial. Cold is a common stressor that can occur in our work and our occupational or leisure time activities every day. There are substantial studies on the effects of chronic stress on memory and behavior, although, the cognitive changes and anxiety disorders that can occur after exposure to chronic intermittent cold stress are not completely characterized. Therefore, the present study was undertaken with an aim to investigate the effects of chronic intermittent cold stress on body weight, food intake and working memory, and to elucidate cold stress related anxiety disorders using cognitive and behavioral test batteries.Methods: We generated a cold stress model by exposing rats to chronic intermittent cold stress for 5 consecutive days and in order to test for the potential presence of sex differences, a comparable number of male and female rats were tested in the current study. Then, we measured the body weights, food intake and the adrenal glands weight. Working memory and recognition memory were assessed using the Y maze and the Novel Object Recognition (NOR) tasks. While, sex differences in the effects of chronic stress on behavior were evaluated by the elevated plus maze (EPM), open field maze (OF), and Marble burying (MB) tests.Results: We found that 2 h exposure to cold (4°C) resulted in an increase in the relative weight of the adrenal glands in male rats. Given the same chronic stress 5 days of cold exposure (2 h per day), increased weight gain in male rats, while females showed decreased food intake and no change in body weight. Both sexes successfully performed the Y maze and object recognition (OR) tasks, indicating intact spatial working memory performance and object recognition abilities in both male and female rats. In addition, we have shown that stress caused an increase in the level of anxiety in male rats. In contrast, the behavior of the female rats was not affected by cold exposure.Conclusion: Overall, the current results provide preliminary evidence that chronic intermittent cold stress model may not be an efficient stressor to female rats. Females exhibit resilience to cold exposure that causes an increase in the level of anxiety in male rats, which demonstrates that they are affected differently by stress and the gender is an important consideration in experimental design.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cold Stress on Neurobehavioral and Physiological Parameters in Rats

et al. 2021

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“…Whether high levels of brain serotonin actually cause fatigue or are merely an epiphenomenon is a subject of controversy [ 12 , 13 ]. With respect to cold stress, studies suggest that it reduces the level of serotonin in most regions of the brain [ 107 , 108 ] except the rostral brainstem [ 85 ], which would be consistent with diminished fatigue [ 12 , 13 ] and could be beneficial in CFS ([ 33 - 38 ], contrary evidence: [ 39 , 40 ]).…”

Section: Presentation Of the Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible use of repeated cold stress for reducing fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome: a hypothesis

Shevchuk

2007

Behavioral and Brain Functions

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Background: Physiological fatigue can be defined as a reduction in the force output and/or energygenerating capacity of skeletal muscle after exertion, which may manifest itself as an inability to continue exercise or usual activities at the same intensity. A typical example of a fatigue-related disorder is chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a disabling condition of unknown etiology and with uncertain therapeutic options. Recent advances in elucidating pathophysiology of this disorder revealed hypofunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and that fatigue in CFS patients appears to be associated with reduced motor neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS) and to a smaller extent with increased fatigability of skeletal muscle. There is also some limited evidence that CFS patients may have excessive serotonergic activity in the brain and low opioid tone.

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Studies of contents of norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in brain—I. Normal and cold exposure

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of Cold Stress on Neurobehavioral and Physiological Parameters in Rats

Effect of Cold Stress on Neurobehavioral and Physiological Parameters in Rats

Possible use of repeated cold stress for reducing fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome: a hypothesis

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