Studies of Different Application Methods of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus Cells and Their Toxin in Broth Solution to Control Locust (Schistocerca gregaria)

Mahar, A. N.; Munir, Muhammad; Mahar, A. Q.

doi:10.3923/ajps.2004.690.695

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Bioassay was carried out for EPBs against Earias vittella for screening of insecticidal activity as per the procedure detailed by Mahar, Munir (14) . The bioassay experiment was performed in Department of Agricultural Microbiology, GKVK, UASB, Bangalore and the larvae of Earias vittella for bioassay was procured from National Bureau of Agriculturally Insect Resources (NBAIR), Hebbala, Bangalore.…”

Section: Screening Of Entomopathogenic Bacteria For Insecticidal Activity Against Earias Vittellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus against shoot and fruit borer Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of vegetable crops

Adithya¹,

Shivaprakash²,

Sowmya³

2020

J. Entomol. Zool. Stud.

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The shoot and fruit borer, Earias vittella is one of the major polyphagous pest prefer various host plants attacking almost 38 plant species and causes yield loss of 15-45% in vegetable crops annually in India. In this study Entomopathogenic bacteria (EPB) were used for biocontrol larvae of Earias vittella under in vitro condition. Whole cell culture and cell supernatant of EPB was screened for insecticidal activity against the larvae and results has shown that the lethality of larvae started after 12-24h of treatment. The percent mortality treated with intact cell was significantly higher in larvae treated with EPB3 with 90% mortality at 72h followed by EPB1 and EPB3. The larvae treated with cell supernatant of EPB had shown lethality in the range of the mortality of larvae where in the range of 50-70% at 72h of treatment and there was no significant difference among the bacteria treated. The LD50 value represent the concentration of cells required for the 50% population to be lethal and EPB3 had expressed significantly lower concentration of 4.28x10 4 CFU / ml followed by EPB9 and EPB8. The LD50 value for the larvae treated with cell supernatant were in the range of 10 10 to 10 12 CFU / ml. The larvae treated with EPB3 cell culture has taken significantly less time for mortality of fifty percent of population with a media lethal time (LT50) of 24h followed by EPB1 (30h) and EPB8 (32h). Among all the isolates EPB3 (Xenorhabdus nematophila) and EPB1 (Photorhabdus luminescens) had more virulence against the Earias vittella and can be further tested for biocontrol efficiency under greenhouse and field conditions.

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Section: Screening Of Entomopathogenic Bacteria For Insecticidal Activity Against Earias Vittellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus against shoot and fruit borer Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of vegetable crops

Adithya¹,

Shivaprakash²,

Sowmya³

2020

J. Entomol. Zool. Stud.

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“…Both Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria have been shown to grow successfully under laboratory conditions, and both cell suspensions and cell-free supernatants of these bacteria have been found to cause adverse effect and cause the death of several insect pests, such as desert locust [Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål)] (Mahar et al, 2004) (Mahar et al, 2008). Hence, these bacteria secrete their metabolic products that are toxic or immunosuppressive to the host insects (Bowen et al, 2000;Sharma et al, 2002;Mahar et al, 2004;2008;Bode, 2009;Brivio et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, these bacteria secrete their metabolic products that are toxic or immunosuppressive to the host insects (Bowen et al, 2000;Sharma et al, 2002;Mahar et al, 2004;2008;Bode, 2009;Brivio et al, 2010). Moreover, Xenorhabdus sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acaricidal activities of whole cell suspension, cell-free supernatant, and crude cell extract of Xenorhabdus stokiae against mushroom mite (Luciaphorus sp.)

Bussaman

Sa-uth

Rattanasena

et al. 2012

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:Xenorhabdus bacterium has been used as a biological control agent against Luciaphorus sp., a mushroom mite endemic in Thailand. To develop an effective formulation of Xenorhabdus stokiae, treatments using different parts of X. stokiae isolate PB09 culture, including whole cell suspension, cell-free supernatant, and crude cell extract, were performed. The results show that different parts of X. stokiae isolate PB09 culture could induce variable effects on mite mortality and fecundity. Application with cell-free supernatant of X. stokiae culture resulted in both the highest mite mortality rate [(89.00±3.60)%] and the lowest mite fecundity [(41.33±23.69) eggs/gravid female]. Whole cell suspension of X. stokiae isolate PB09 culture was found to be slightly less effective than its cell-free supernatant, suggesting that X. stokiae was more likely to release its metabolites with acaricidal activities to the surrounding culture media. Crude cell extract of X. stokiae was not effective against mites. Cell-free supernatant of X. stokiae isolate PB09 was the most effective biological control agent and it could be conveniently used in future formulations instead of live bacteria.

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“…The cell pellet was taken and cells were dissolved in phosphate buffered saline solution and similarly cell supernatant was diluted for treatment. Castor leaves were treated with different concentrations of intact suspension and cell-free extract by leaf dip method [16] and mortality of insects was recorded at regular interval of 6h, 12h, 18h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 72h and 96h [17]. Percentage mortality is recorded from the average of ten larvae for each treatment and were replicated thrice.…”

Section: Screening Of Symbiotic Bacteria Of Epn For Bacterial Pathogenicity Against Spodoptera Lituramentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Pathogenicity of Symbiotic Bacteria of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against the Larvae of Tobacco Caterpillar, Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae)

Adithya

Shivaprakash

2021

IJPSS

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The tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura is a polyphagous pest with attacking almost 290 host plants species globally causing a wide range of yield losses to the agricultural crops. In this investigation symbiotic bacteria of entomopathogenic nematodes were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against larvae of S. litura under lab conditions. The intact cell suspension and cell-free extract were screened for their bacterial pathogenicity and the results showed mortality of larvae after 24h of post treatment. The percent mortality treated with intact cell suspension was significantly higher in larvae treated with EPB3 strain with 90% which was on par with the reference strain Bacillus thuringiensis after 72h of post treatment. There is no significant difference among the larval mortality treated with cell-free supernatant. The virulence test was carried out to find out the LD50 and LT50 against the larvae and the results showed that EPB3 and B. thuringiensis required 104 CFU for 50% lethality of larvae with a media lethal time of 24h and 22h, respectively when treated with cell suspension. In case of larvae treated with cell-free extract, LD50 value with 105-106 CFU with a median lethal time ranging from 33-45h. The results showed that the isolates EPB3 (Xenorhabdus nematophilus) is comparatively more virulent than other Photorhabdus isolates against the test insect S. litura. Further these symbiotic bacteria can be screened for their biocontrol efficiency under greenhouse and field conditions and can be developed as potential biopesticides against the insect pests.

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Studies of Different Application Methods of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus Cells and Their Toxin in Broth Solution to Control Locust (Schistocerca gregaria)

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluation of insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus against shoot and fruit borer Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of vegetable crops

Evaluation of insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus against shoot and fruit borer Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of vegetable crops

Acaricidal activities of whole cell suspension, cell-free supernatant, and crude cell extract of Xenorhabdus stokiae against mushroom mite (Luciaphorus sp.)

Evaluation of Pathogenicity of Symbiotic Bacteria of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against the Larvae of Tobacco Caterpillar, Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae)

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