Studies of Intestinal Digestion and Absorption in the Human1

Borgström, Bengt; Dahlqvist, Arne; Lundh, G; Sjövall, Jan

doi:10.1172/jci103549

Cited by 995 publications

(339 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The 0.4 kcal/min load, albeit at a lower concentration, was selected on the basis of our previous study (12) in which C12 was administered intraduodenally at 0.375 kcal/min (106 mmol) to healthy subjects and shown to potently suppress energy intake. The concentrations of the solutions were within the range of fatty acid concentrations observed in the small intestine after triglyceride digestion (1,3,30).…”

Section: Preparation and Doses Of C12 Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The observation that infusion of C10 at a slightly higher (123 mM) concentration was not associated with adverse side effects also argues against the concept that the concentration of the C12 solution was responsible for the observed nausea. However, under physiological conditions, i.e., after ingestion of a meal, fatty acids are present within the small intestine at much lower concentrations, ranging from ϳ25 to 65 mM (1,3,30). Therefore, infusion of C12 at these concentrations may have more physiological effects on gastrointestinal function and energy intake.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dose-related effects of lauric acid on antropyloroduodenal motility, gastrointestinal hormone release, appetite, and energy intake in healthy men

Little

Feltrin²,

Horowitz³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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. Doserelated effects of lauric acid on antropyloroduodenal motility, gastrointestinal hormone release, appetite, and energy intake in healthy men. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289: R1090 -R1098, 2005. First published June 16, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00290.2005.-We recently reported that intraduodenal infusion of lauric acid (C12) (0.375 kcal/min, 106 mM) stimulates isolated pyloric pressure waves (IPPWs), inhibits antral and duodenal pressure waves (PWs), stimulates release of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and suppresses energy intake and that these effects are much greater than those seen in response to isocaloric decanoic acid (C10) infusion. Administration of C12 was, however, associated with nausea, confounding interpretation of the results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different intraduodenal doses of C12 on antropyloroduodenal (APD) motility, plasma CCK and GLP-1 concentrations, appetite, and energy intake. Thirteen healthy males were studied on 4 days in double-blind, randomized fashion. APD pressures, plasma CCK and GLP-1 concentrations, and appetite perceptions were measured during 90-min ID infusion of C12 at 0.1 (14 mM), 0.2 (28 mM), or 0.4 (56 mM) kcal/min or saline (control; rate 4 ml/min). Energy intake was determined at a buffet meal immediately following infusion. C12 dose-dependently stimulated IPPWs, decreased antral and duodenal motility, and stimulated secretion of CCK and GLP-1 (r Ͼ 0.4, P Ͻ 0.05 for all). C12 (0.4 kcal/min) suppressed energy intake compared with control, C12 (0.1 kcal/min), and C12 (0.2 kcal/min) (P Ͻ 0.05). These effects were observed in the absence of nausea. In conclusion, intraduodenal C12 dose-dependently modulated APD motility and gastrointestinal hormone release in healthy male subjects, whereas effects on energy intake were only apparent with the highest dose infused (0.4 kcal/min), possibly because only at this dose was modulation of APD motility and gastrointestinal hormone secretion sufficient for a suppressant effect on energy intake. free fatty acid; cholecystokinin; glucagon-like peptide-1; pyloric motility STUDIES UTILIZING PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS, such as tetrahydrolipstatin, to inhibit fat digestion have provided evidence that the effects of fat on gastric emptying, gastrointestinal motility, gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and appetite are dependent on the presence of free fatty acids in the small intestine (4,10,11,22,27,29,33). The effects of free fatty acids on gastrointestinal function, including motility, hormone release, and energy intake (12,16,22,23), also are dependent on their acyl chain length. Hunt and Knox (16) were the first to demonstrate that fatty acids with a chain length of 12 and more carbon atoms empty from the stomach much more slowly than fatty acids containing 10 or fewer carbon atoms.In a recent study from our laboratory (12), intraduodenal administration of lauric acid, a fatty acid with 12 carbon atoms (C12), at a rate of 0.375 kcal/min and a concentration of 1...

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Section: Preparation and Doses Of C12 Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 58%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-related effects of lauric acid on antropyloroduodenal motility, gastrointestinal hormone release, appetite, and energy intake in healthy men

Little

Feltrin²,

Horowitz³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Intragastric hydrolysis of long-chain triglycerides has also been observed in man (2), dog (3), and calf (4), but the source of the activity was determined only in calf. The lipolytic activity in calf, called "pregastric esterase," was found in glandular tissue of the tongue, pharynx, and upper esophagus and in ingesta from the lower esophagus (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharyngeal lipase and digestion of dietary triglyceride in man.

Hamosh¹,

Klaeveman²,

Wolf³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

154

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A B S T R A C T Lipolytic activity was studied in esophageal and gastric aspirates obtained with a nasogastric tube from 14 healthy adult subjects. Samples were collected from esophagus, first at 30-35 cm and then at 40-45 cm from the nose, as the subject, after drinking 15-30 ml of a cream-milk mixture, swallowed small amounts of water. The samples from stomach were taken last and usually contained a small amount of cream-milk mixture. Lipolytic activity was assayed using chylomicron, milk, and corn oil triglyceride as substrate. Esophageal and gastric samples both contained lipolytic activity which hydrolyzed long-chain triglyceride to diglyceride, monoglyceride, and FFA, had a pH optimum of 5.4, and was not affected by either 0.5 M NaCl or 4 mM sodium taurodeoxycholate. The activity, expressed as nanomoles of chylomicron triglyceride hydrolyzed per milliliter per minute, ranged from 0 to 145 in upper esophageal, 5 to 303 in lower esophageal, and 50 to 357 in gastric samples. Only a trace of lipolytic activity was found at pH 5.4 in saliva collected from the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, thus excluding those tissues as a source of the activity found in esophageal and gastric aspirates. The findings suggest that in man glands in or near the pharynx secrete a lipase that acts in the stomach to hydrolyze long-chain triglyceride to partial glycerides and FFA. It is proposed that this reaction is the first step in the digestion of dietary fat and that the amphi-

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“…It took the best part of the 20th Century, however, to accomplish these tasks, which early on encompassed the elegance of isotope-derived kinetic and metabolic analyses [47][48][49][50][51] and marathon tour de force multi-lumen intestinal marker perfusion studies [52][53][54] that, in the author's personal experience of both ends of the perfusion tube, 55 try the patience of experimental subject and investigator alike. 55 For the dynamics of the enterohepatic circulation and the metabolism of bile acids in health and disease, authoritative reviews abound.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The biliary cycle of Moritz Schiff†

Reuben

2005

Hepatology

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Studies of Intestinal Digestion and Absorption in the Human1

Cited by 995 publications

References 26 publications

Dose-related effects of lauric acid on antropyloroduodenal motility, gastrointestinal hormone release, appetite, and energy intake in healthy men

Dose-related effects of lauric acid on antropyloroduodenal motility, gastrointestinal hormone release, appetite, and energy intake in healthy men

Pharyngeal lipase and digestion of dietary triglyceride in man.

The biliary cycle of Moritz Schiff†

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