Studies of intramembrane transport: A phenomenological approach

Abstract

The intramembrane transport properties of carbohydrates were investigated in cellophane. The experiments performed were the measurement of net volume transfer under a concentration and pressure gradient and the solute transfer due to a concentration difference together with the physical properties of the membrane. The matrix of phenomenological coefficients characteristic to the transport was established after the phase boundary contributions were extricated from the experimental transport data. These thermodynamic coefficients were then interpreted through the Spiegler‐Kedem‐Katchalsky frictional model.The analysis of the frictional coefficients clearly indicated the importance of solute‐polymer interactions. The magnitude of solute‐solvent frictional coefficients in the membrane were compared with the corresponding interactions in free solutions. Their differences were explained in terms of the interaction of the solute with the macromolecular network and were quantitatively expressed by introducing two reduced frictional coefficients. The tortuosity factor was shown to be related to these interactions and not a simple geometric property of the membrane. The temperature dependence of the frictional coefficients was established.

Gas permeability of a novel cellulose membrane

“…Peter [22] postulated the existence of extensive solvated shells around the polymer molecules for the permeation of water-sugar solutions through swollen hydrophilic membranes. The investigation of intramembrane transport properties of sugar-water solutions in Cellophane by Kaufmann and Leonard [23] revealed the importance of solute-polymer interactions.…”

“…For researches of dialysis [10], liquid permeation [11,12] [13][14][15]23,26] and pervaporation [16], the liquid content in the membranes is an important parameter concerning permeability. The state of water in cellulosic membranes has been a subject of interest for many years [17][18][19].…”

Transport Characteristics of Neutralization Dialysis and Desalination of Tap Water

“…It is reported that the permeation constant is proportional to some power (from the 0.5 power to the 0.8 power) of the linear velocity at the vicinity of the boundary layer. 13 Then, the value, C/J, was obtained in many experimental conditions and the correlation coefficients between C/J and the reciprocal of x power of the linear velocity, where x was varied from 0.5 to 0.8, were compared to each other. The correlation coefficient was the highest (0.974), when x was 0.60.…”

Evaluation of dialysis membranes using a tortuous pore model

“…In the results of Kaufmann et al (1968) and Collins et al (1979), however, in which the permeability of dialysis membranes was evaluated by means of a friction model, the value of 8 in Eq. 44 was not constant.…”