Studies of low molecular weight RNA from cells infected with adenovirus 2. I. The sequences at the 3' end of VA-RNA I.

Celma, M L; Pan, J.; Weissman, Sherman M.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)38341-2

Cited by 63 publications

References 38 publications

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Effects of mutations in stem and loop regions on the structure and function of adenovirus VA RNAI.

Mellits

Mathews

1988

The EMBO Journal

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Adenovirus virus‐associated (VA) RNAI is required for efficient protein synthesis at late times of adenoviral infection, and in some other situations where double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) is present. It prevents inhibition of protein synthesis by a dsRNA‐activated protein kinase and the secondary structure of VA RNAI is though to be important for its activity. To test this idea and to define structures and sequences responsible for VA RNAI activity, we constructed several mutant VA RNA genes and tested them in a transient expression assay. Activity is unaffected by deletions within a small region near the center of the gene, nt 72‐85, but it is greatly diminished by deletion or substitution of sequences on the 3′ side of this region. The structures of wild‐type and mutant RNAs were examined by nuclease‐sensitivity analysis. We propose a model for wild‐type VA RNAI which differs from that predicted to be the most stable structure. Surprisingly disruption of the longest duplex region in the molecule is tolerated, provided that adjacent structural elements are not rearranged. However, perturbations of elements located in the center of the structure correlate well with loss of function.

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Effects of mutations in stem and loop regions on the structure and function of adenovirus VA RNAI.

Mellits

Mathews

1988

The EMBO Journal

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3′ processing of eukaryotic precursor tRNAs

2010

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Biogenesis of eukaryotic tRNAs requires transcription by RNA polymerase III and subsequent processing. 5′ processing of precursor tRNA occurs by a single mechanism, cleavage by RNase P, and usually occurs before 3′ processing although some conditions allow observation of the 3′-first pathway. 3′ processing is relatively complex and is the focus of this review. Precursor RNA 3′ end formation begins with pol III termination generating a variable length 3′ oligo(U) tract that represents an underappreciated and previously unreviewed determinant of processing. Evidence that the pol III-intrinsic 3′ exonuclease activity mediated by Rpc11p affects 3′ oligo(U) length is reviewed. In addition to multiple 3′ nucleases, pre-tRNA processing involves La and Lsm, distinct oligo(U)-binding proteins with proposed chaperone activities. 3′ processing is performed by the endonuclease RNase Z or the exonuclease Rex1p (possibly others) along alternate pathways conditional on La. We review a S. pombe tRNA reporter system that has been used to distinguish two chaperone activities of La protein to its two conserved RNA binding motifs. Pre-tRNAs with structural impairments are degraded by a nuclear surveillance system that mediates polyadenylation by the TRAMP complex followed by 3′ digestion by the nuclear exosome which appears to compete with 3′ processing. We also try to reconcile limited data on pre-tRNA processing and Lsm proteins which largely affects precursors but not mature tRNAs. A pathway is proposed in which 3′ oligo(U) length is a primary determinant of La binding with subsequent steps distinguished by 3′ endo-vs. exo-nucleases, chaperone activities and nuclear surveillance.

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