Studies of o-tolidine attachment to pyrolytic graphite electrodes via cyanuric chloride

Dautartas, M.F.; Evans, John F.; Kuwana, Theodore

doi:10.1021/ac50037a033

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Chemical modification of electrode surfaces has been one of the major areas of research in 'electrochemistry' due to their tailormade properties that can meet specific requirements. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Attachment of a redox-active moiety through physical/chemical adsorption or covalent linkage is reported to be feasible on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and glassy carbon electrodes (GCE). [4][5][6] However, fouling of the modified surface due to contamination imposes restrictions on the use of these electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and spectroscopic characterization of quinone functionalized exfoliated graphite

Palanisamy

Sampath

2001

Analyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural graphite was exfoliated by thermal decomposition of graphite-bisulfate intercalation compound. Oxidative/reductive pre-treatment of exfoliated graphite was subsequently carried out to introduce various functional groups on the graphite surface. The resulting material was covalently modified with redox active quinones. The covalent modification was effected through oxygen containing functional groups formed on the graphite surface. The modified exfoliated graphite was characterized by infra-red (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical characterization of the pressed pellets of the modified graphite showed that the modification occurred at the edge sites. These electrodes were found to be very stable and the surface renewal was simply accomplished by polishing the surface using SiC emery sheets. Application of the benzoquinone modified electrode for the electrocatalysis of ascorbic acid oxidation was demonstrated.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and spectroscopic characterization of quinone functionalized exfoliated graphite

Palanisamy

Sampath

2001

Analyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After reaction with APTES (A3), there is an increase in the area under the bands in the N 1s, O 1s and Si 2p regions, as can be seen in Table 1, thus confirming that APTES has been successfully anchored onto the air‐oxidised carbon. The spectra of A3 in the O 1s region (Figure 1, a) is quite different from carbon A2 and shows a very intense and symmetric peak at 532.6 eV; this peak may be assigned not only to ether‐type oxygen atoms, which result from the reaction between the APTES ethoxy functionalities and carbon surface phenol groups, but also to unreacted ethoxy groups from the aminoalkylsilane 25,28. Upon complex anchoring on carbon A3, a new peak at 531.6 eV is observed in the O 1s region, which may be assigned to oxygen atoms from [VO(acac) 2 ] (BE = 531.7 eV; Figure 1, a);19–23 an increase in intensity in the high binding energies of the N 1s peak is also detected, suggesting the presence of nitrogen atoms in a new and different chemical environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anchoring of Vanadyl Acetylacetonate onto Amine‐Functionalised Activated Carbons: Catalytic Activity in the Epoxidation of an Allylic Alcohol

2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vanadyl(IV) acetylacetonate was anchored onto two different amine-functionalised activated carbons. The starting activated carbon supports were air (A2) and nitric acid oxidised (B1) carbons; the phenol surface groups of carbon A2 were subsequently treated with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (A3) and afterwards the free amine groups were used for Schiff condensation with [VO(acac) 2 ] (A4). Carbon B1, which possesses carboxylic surface groups, was treated with thionyl chloride to give surface acyl chloride groups (B2), which were then reacted with the amine groups of bis(3-aminopropyl)amine (B3); subsequent attachment of [VO(acac) 2 ] was also achieved by Schiff condensation between the free amine groups of the functionalised carbon and the ligand oxygen atoms (B4). All the materials were characterised by XPS, and the [VO(acac) 2 ]-based materials were also characterised by

show abstract

“…One would expect a slightly reduced value due to possible dimerization of the bound CC. 24 The actual loading of CC, confirmed by thermogravimetry,* is only slightly enhanced by oxidative pretreatments. It is believed that the inherently high level of surface oxides possessed by virgin AC is only slightly increased by oxidative pretreatment.…”

Section: Cyanuric Chloride Activationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Use of chemically modified activated carbon as a support for immobilized enzymes

Osborn

Ianniello

Wieck

et al. 1982

Biotech & Bioengineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Loading and activity assays of the enzymes alpha-chymotrypsin, alpha-chymotrypsinogen, and glucose oxidase covalently bound to an activated carbon support are presented. The activated carbon support material was pretreated using either a radio-frequency oxygen plasma or an electrochemical oxidation to maximize the enzyme attachment. Cyanuric chloride or water-soluble carbodiimide linking reactions were used to covalently attach the enzymes to the carbon support. Discussion of the relative merits of each reaction scheme is presented.

show abstract

Studies of o-tolidine attachment to pyrolytic graphite electrodes via cyanuric chloride

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Electrochemical and spectroscopic characterization of quinone functionalized exfoliated graphite

Electrochemical and spectroscopic characterization of quinone functionalized exfoliated graphite

Anchoring of Vanadyl Acetylacetonate onto Amine‐Functionalised Activated Carbons: Catalytic Activity in the Epoxidation of an Allylic Alcohol

Use of chemically modified activated carbon as a support for immobilized enzymes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About